TryShadowing
Shadow YouTube. Speak English.
Home
Browse
Dictation
NEW
My Library
en
0
days
Sign in
Your Body Language May Shape Who You Are… — TED shadowing | TryShadowing
TryShadowing
Shadow YouTube. Speak English.
Home
Browse
Dictation
NEW
My Library
en
0
days
Sign in
Home
Browse
TED
Your Body Language May Shape Who You Are | Amy Cuddy | TED
Your Body Language May Shape Who You Are | Amy Cuddy | TED
TED
·
21:03 · Oct 1, 2012
Start Shadowing
0:00
0:00
Record
×1
1x
VI
EN
JA
KO
ZH
FR
PT
TH
IT
DE
IPA
Pronunciation scoring isn't supported on this browser — you can still record and listen back.
so
I
want
to
start
by
um
offering
you
a
free
Translating…
Turn on Record to capture your voice and get scored
Smart
Karaoke
Original
Line
1
/465
0:16
so I want to start by um offering you a free
0:19
no Tech life hack
0:22
um and all it requires of you is this that you change your
0:25
posture for two minutes
0:28
but before I give it away
0:30
I want to ask you to right now do a little audit of your
0:33
body and what you're doing with your body
0:35
so how many of you are sort of making yourselves smaller maybe you're hunching
0:39
um crossing your legs maybe wrapping your ankles
0:41
sometimes we hold on to our arms like this
0:44
uh sometimes we uh spread
0:48
out I see you
0:50
um so I want you to pay attention to what you're doing right now
0:53
we're going to come back to that in a few minutes
0:56
and I'm hoping that if you sort of learn to tweak this a little
0:58
bit it could significantly
1:00
change the way your life
1:02
unfolds um so we're really fascinated
1:05
with body language and we're particularly
1:08
interested in other people's body language
1:11
you know we're interested
1:12
in like you know
1:14
um a uh uh an awkward interaction
1:19
or a smile or a contemptuous
1:21
glance or maybe a a very awkward
1:23
wink um or maybe even something like a
1:26
handshake here they are arriving at number 10 and uh look at this lucky
1:30
policeman gets to shake hands with the president of the United States
1:34
oh and here comes the prime minister of it
1:42
no so um a handshake
1:44
or the lack of a handshake
1:46
can have us talking
1:48
for weeks and weeks and weeks even the BBC and the New York Times
1:51
so so obviously when we think about
1:54
non-verbal Behavior or body language but we call it nonverbals
1:57
as social scientists it's language so we think about communication
2:01
when we think about communication
2:02
we think about interactions
2:04
so what is your body language communicating
2:06
to me what's mine communicating
2:08
to you and there's a lot of reason
2:10
to to believe that this is this is a valid way to look at
2:14
this so social scientists have spent a lot of time
2:16
looking at the effects of
2:17
of our body language or other people's body language on judgments
2:21
and we make sweeping
2:22
judgments and an in inferences
2:24
from body language and those judgments
2:27
can predict really meaningful
2:28
life outcomes like who we hire or promote
2:31
um who we ask out on a date
2:33
for example uh Nalan OT a researcher at TS University shows that
2:38
when people watch 30 minute
2:40
30 second soundless clips of real physician
2:43
patient interactions their judgments of the physician's
2:47
niceness predict whether or not that physician will be sued
2:50
so it doesn't have to do so much with whether or not that physician
2:53
was incompetent but do we like that person and how they interacted
2:56
um even more dramatic
2:58
Alex todorov at Princeton has shown us that
3:01
um judgments of political candidates
3:03
faces in just 1 second
3:06
predict 70% of US Senate
3:09
and gubernatorial race outcomes
3:12
and even let's go digital
3:15
emoticons used well in online negotiations
3:18
can lead you to claim more value from that negotiation
3:21
if you use them poorly
3:22
bad idea right so
3:25
so when we think of nonverbals
3:26
we think of how we judge others how they judge us and what the
3:29
outcome are we tend to forget though the other audience
3:32
that's influenced by our nonverbals
3:34
and that's ourselves we are also influenced
3:37
by our nonverbals our thoughts and our feelings and our physiology
3:41
so what nonverbals am I talking about
3:44
I'm a social psychologist
3:46
I studi Prejudice and I teach at a competitive business school
3:50
so it was inevitable
3:52
that I would become interested in power dynamics
3:54
I became especially interested
3:56
in non-verbal expressions of power and dominance
4:00
um and what are non-verbal
4:02
expressions of power and dominance
4:03
well this is what they are so in the animal kingdom
4:07
they are about expanding
4:08
so you make yourself
4:09
big you stretch out
4:11
you take up space you're basically
4:13
opening up it's about opening up
4:16
and this is true across the animal kingdom it's not just limited to
4:20
primates and humans do the same
4:23
thing so they do this both when they when they have power sort of
4:27
chronically and also when they're feeling power ful in the moment
4:31
and this one is especially interesting because it really shows us
4:34
how Universal and old
4:36
these expressions of Power are
4:38
this expression which is known as Pride
4:41
uh Jessica Tracy has studied
4:42
she shows that people who are born with sight and people who are congenitally
4:47
blind do this when they win at a physical competition
4:51
so when they cross the finish line and they've won it doesn't matter if
4:54
they've never seen anyone do it they do this
4:56
so the arms up in the v
4:58
the chin is slightly lifted
5:00
what do we do when we feel powerless we do exactly the opposite
5:03
we close up we wrap ourselves
5:05
up we make ourselves small we don't want to bump into the person next
5:09
to us so again both animals and humans do the same thing
5:13
and this is what happens
5:14
when you put together high and low power
5:17
so what we tend to do
5:18
when it comes to power is that we complement
5:21
the others nonverbals so if someone's being really powerful with us we tend to
5:25
make ourselves smaller we don't mirror them we do the opposite of them
5:29
so I'm watching this behavior in the classroom
5:32
and um what do I notice
5:35
I notice that uh
5:37
MBA students really exhibit the full range of power nonverbal
5:42
so you have people who are like caricatures
5:44
of Alphas like really coming into the room
5:46
they get right into the middle of the room
5:48
before class even starts like they really want to occupy
5:51
space um when they sit down they're sort of spread out they raise their
5:54
hands like this um
5:56
you have other people who are virtually
5:58
collapsing when they come in as soon soon as they come in you see
6:00
it you see it on their faces and their bodies
6:03
and they sit in their chair and they make themselves tiny
6:05
and they they go like this when they raise their
6:07
hand I noticed a couple things about this one you're not going to be
6:11
surprised it seems to be related to
6:13
gender so um women are much more likely to do this kind of thing
6:18
than men um women feel chronically
6:21
less powerful than men so this is not
6:23
surprising um but the other thing I noticed is that it also seemed to
6:26
be related to the extent to which the students were participating
6:30
and how well they were participating
6:32
and this is really important
6:34
in the MBA classroom because participation
6:36
counts for half the
6:37
grade so Business Schools have been struggling with this gender grade Gap
6:42
you get these equally qualified women and men coming
6:45
in and then you get these differences in grades and it seems to be
6:48
partly attributable to participation
6:51
so I started to wonder
6:52
you know okay so you have these people coming in like this and they're
6:56
participating is it possible that we could get people to fake it
7:00
and would it lead them to participate
7:02
more so my main
7:03
collaborator Dana Carney who's at Berkeley
7:06
and I really wanted to know
7:08
can you fake it till you make it
7:10
like can you do this just for a little while
7:12
and actually experience a behavioral
7:15
outcome that makes you seem more powerful
7:17
so we know that our nonverbals
7:19
govern how other people think and feel about us there's a lot of evidence
7:22
but our question really was
7:24
do our nonverbals govern how we think and feel about
7:28
ourselves there's some evidence that they do so
7:32
for example um when we we smile when we feel happy but also when
7:36
we're forced to Smile by holding a pen in our teeth like
7:40
this it makes us feel happy
7:42
so it goes both ways
7:44
when it comes to power
7:46
um it also goes both ways
7:48
so when you when you uh feel powerful you're more likely to do this
7:52
but it's also possible
7:54
that um when you when you
7:56
uh pretend to be powerful
7:58
you are more likely
8:00
to actually feel powerful
8:02
so the second question really was you know
8:05
so we know that our minds change our bodies
8:08
but is it also true that that our bodies
8:10
change our minds and when I say Minds in the case of the powerful
8:15
what am I talking about
8:16
so I'm talking about thoughts
8:18
and feelings and the sort of physiological
8:20
things that make up our our thoughts and feelings and in my case that's
8:23
hormones I look at hormones
8:25
so what do the minds of the powerful
8:27
versus the powerless look like
8:30
so powerful people tend to be not surprisingly
8:34
more assertive and more confident
8:36
uh more more optimistic
8:38
they actually feel that they're going to win even at games of chance
8:41
uh they also tend to be able to think more abstractly
8:45
so there are a lot of differences
8:46
they take more risks there are a lot of differences between powerful and Powerless
8:50
people physiologically there also are differences
8:53
on two key hormones
8:55
Testo testosterone which is the dominance
8:58
hormone and C cortisol which is the stress
9:00
hormone so what we find is that
9:04
um uh high power
9:07
alpha males in primate hierarchies
9:09
have high testosterone and low
9:11
cortisol and powerful and effective leaders
9:15
also have high testosterone
9:17
and low cortisol so what does that mean
9:19
when you think about power T people tended to think only about testosterone
9:22
because that was about dominance
9:24
but really power is also about how you react to stress
9:28
so do you want the high power power leader
9:30
that's dominant high on testosterone
9:32
but really stress reactive
9:34
probably not right you want the person
9:36
who's powerful and assertive and dominant
9:39
but not very stress reactive the person who's laid-back
9:42
so we know that
9:44
in uh in in primate
9:46
hierarchies if an alpha
9:48
needs to take over
9:50
uh if an individual needs to take over an alpha role sort of suddenly
9:54
within a few days
9:55
that individual's testosterone has gone up significantly
9:58
and it's c has dropped significantly
10:01
so we have this evidence
10:02
both that the body can shape the mind at least at the facial
10:05
level um and also
10:08
that role changes can shape the mind
10:10
so what happens okay you take a role
10:12
change um what happens if you do that at a really minimal level like
10:16
this tiny manipulation this tiny intervention
10:18
for two minutes you say
10:20
I want you to stand like this and it's going to make you feel
10:22
more powerful so this is what we did
10:26
we decided to uh bring people into the lab
10:29
and run a little experiment
10:31
and these people adopted for two minutes
10:35
either high power poses
10:37
or low power poses and I'm just going to show you five of the
10:40
poses although they took on only two
10:42
so one couple more
10:47
this one has been dubbed the Wonder Woman
10:50
by the media here a couple more
10:53
so you can be standing or you can be sitting
10:56
uh and here are the low power poses so you're folding up you're making
10:58
yourself small this one is very low power when you're touching your neck
11:05
you're really kind of protecting
11:06
yourself so this is what happens
11:09
they come in they spit into a vial
11:12
we for two minutes say you need to do this or this
11:14
they don't look at pictures of the poses we don't want to Prime them
11:17
with a concept of power
11:18
we want them to be feeling
11:19
power right so two minutes they do this
11:22
we then ask them how powerful do you feel on a series of items
11:26
and then we give them an opportunity
11:27
to gamble and then
11:29
we take another saliva sample that's it that's the whole experiment
11:33
so this is what we find
11:34
risk tolerance which is the gambling
11:36
what we find is that when you're when the when you're in the high
11:39
power pose condition 86%
11:41
of you will gamble
11:43
when you're in the low power pose condition only 60%
11:46
and that's a pretty whopping significant
11:47
difference here's what we find on
11:50
testosterone from their Baseline when they come in
11:53
high power people experience about a 20%
11:57
increase and low power people
11:59
experience about a 10%
12:00
decrease so again 2 minutes and you get these changes
12:04
here's what you get on cortisol
12:06
high power people experience about a 25%
12:09
decrease and the low power people experience
12:12
about a 15% increase
12:14
so two minutes lead to these hormonal
12:16
changes that configure your brain to basically be either
12:20
assertive confident and comfortable
12:23
or really stress reactive
12:26
um and you know feeling sort of shut down and we've all had that
12:29
feeling right so it seems that our nonverbals
12:33
do govern how we think and feel about ourselves so it's not just others
12:37
but it's also ourselves
12:39
also our bodies change our minds
12:41
but the next question of course is
12:43
can power posing for a few minutes
12:45
really change your life in meaningful
12:47
ways so this is in the lab it's this little task
12:49
you know it's just a couple of minutes
12:51
you know where can you actually apply this which we cared about of course
12:55
and so we think
12:56
it's really what what what matters
12:59
I mean where you want to use this is evaluative
13:01
situations like social threat
13:03
situations where are you being evaluated
13:05
either by your friends like for
13:07
teenagers at the lunchroom
13:09
table it could be you know for some people it's speaking
13:12
at a Schoolboard meeting it might be giving a pitch
13:15
or giving a talk like this or
13:18
um doing a job
13:19
interview we decided that the one that most people could relate to because most
13:23
people had been through was the job interview
13:25
so um we published these these findings
13:28
and the media all over it and they say um
13:31
okay so this is what you do when you go in for the job
13:33
right you know so we were of course horrified
13:36
and it said oh my God no no no that's not what we meant
13:39
at all for a numerous reasons no no no don't do that again this
13:42
is not about you
13:43
talking to other people it's you talking to yourself
13:46
what do you do before you go into a job interview
13:48
you do this right you're sitting down you're looking at your iPhone
13:51
or your Android not trying to leave anyone out
13:54
um you are you know you're looking at your notes you're hunching up making
13:57
yourself small when really what you should doing maybe is this like in the
14:00
bathroom right do that fine two minutes so that's what we want to test
14:05
okay so we bring people
14:06
into a lab and they do a couple they do either high or low
14:09
power poses again they go through a very stressful
14:12
job interview it's five minutes long
14:15
they are being recorded
14:17
they're being judged also
14:19
and the judges are trained to give no non-verbal
14:22
feedback so they look like this like imagine this is the person interviewing
14:26
you so for five minutes nothing nothing
14:29
and this is worse than being
14:31
heckled people hate this it's it's what Maran the France calls standing in Social
14:36
quicksand so this really spikes your cortisol
14:39
so this is the job interview we put them through because we really wanted
14:42
to see what happened
14:44
we then have these coders
14:45
look at these tapes four of them they're blind to the hypothesis
14:49
they're blind to the conditions they have no idea who's been posing in what
14:52
pose and they they they end up
14:56
looking at these sets of tapes and they say oh we want to hire
14:59
these people all the high power posers
15:01
we don't want to hire these people
15:03
we also evaluate these people much more positively
15:06
overall but what's driving it
15:09
it's not about the content of the speech
15:11
it's about the presence
15:12
that they're bringing to the speech we also because we rate them in all
15:15
these variables related to sort of competence
15:17
like how well structured
15:19
is the speech how good is it what are their qualifications
15:21
no effect on those things
15:23
this is what's affected
15:25
these kinds of things
15:26
people are breaking their true selves basically they're bringing themselves
15:29
they bring their ideas but as themselves
15:32
with with no you know residue
15:34
over them so this is what's driving the effect or mediate
15:37
mediating the effect so
15:40
um when I tell people about this
15:43
that our bodies change our minds and our minds can change our behavior and
15:46
our Behavior can change our outcomes they say to me
15:49
I don't it feels fake
15:50
right so I said fake it till you make it like I don't
15:53
it's not me like I don't want to get there
15:56
and then still feel like a fraud I don't want to feel like an
15:58
impos fer I don't want to get there only to feel like
16:01
I'm not supposed to be here
16:03
and that really resonated
16:05
with me because I want to tell you a little story about
16:08
being an impostor and feeling like I'm not supposed to be here
16:11
when I was 19
16:13
I was in a really bad car accident I was thrown out of a
16:15
car rolled several times I was thrown from the car
16:19
and um I woke up in a head injury rehab Ward
16:22
and I had been withdrawn from college
16:25
um and I learned
16:27
that my IQ had dropped by by two standard
16:30
deviations which was um
16:32
very traumatic I knew my IQ because I had identified
16:35
with being smart and I had been called gifted as a child
16:38
so I'm taken out of college I keep trying to go back
16:41
they say you're not going to finish college like just you know
16:44
there there other things for you to do but that's not going to work
16:46
out for you so
16:48
I I really struggled with this and I have to say having your identity
16:52
taken from you your core identity and if for me it was being smart
16:56
having that taken from you there's nothing that leaves you feeling more powerless than
16:59
that so I felt entirely powerless
17:02
I worked and worked and worked and I got lucky and worked and got
17:05
lucky and worked eventually I graduated from college
17:08
took me four years longer than my peers
17:10
and I convinced someone my
17:13
my angel uh adviser
17:14
Susan Fisk to take me on
17:16
and so I ended up at Princeton and I was like I am not
17:19
supposed to be here
17:20
I am an impostor
17:22
and the night before my first year talk and the first year talk at
17:25
Princeton is a 20-minute
17:26
talk to 20 people
17:27
that's it I was so afraid of being found out the next day
17:31
that I called her and said I'm quitting
17:34
she was like you are not quitting
17:36
because I took a gamble on you and you're staying
17:38
you're going to stay
17:39
and this is what you're going to do
17:41
you going to fake it
17:42
you're going to take you're going to do every talk that you ever get
17:45
asked to do you're just going to do it and do it and do
17:47
it even if you're terrified
17:49
and just paralyzed and having an out-of- Body Experience
17:52
until you have this moment where you say
17:55
oh my gosh I'm doing it like I have become
17:57
this I am actually doing this so that's what I did 5 years in
18:01
grad school few years you know I'm at Northwestern
18:03
I moved to Harvard
18:05
I'm at Harvard I'm not really thinking about it anymore
18:07
but for a long time I had been thinking not supposed to be here
18:10
not supposed to be here
18:11
so at the end of my first year at
18:14
Harvard um a student who had not talked in class the entire semester who
18:19
I had said look you got to participate or else you're going to fail
18:22
came into my office I really didn't know her at all
18:25
and she said she came in totally defeated and she said
18:29
I'm not supposed to be
18:35
here and that was the moment for me because two things happened one was
18:39
that I realized oh my gosh I don't feel like that anymore
18:42
you know I don't feel that anymore but she does and I get that
18:45
feeling and the second was she is supposed to be here
18:48
like she can fake it she can become it so he's like
18:52
yes you are you are supposed to be here and tomorrow you're going to
18:55
fake it you're going to make yourself powerful
18:57
and you GNA and
19:05
you're G to go you're going to go into the classroom
19:08
and you are going to give the best comment ever
19:10
you know and she gave the best comment ever and people turned around they
19:14
were like oh my god I didn't even notice her sitting there you know
19:18
she comes back to me months later
19:20
and I realized that she had not just faked it till she made it
19:23
she had actually faked it till she became it
19:26
so she had changed
19:28
um and so I I
19:29
I I want to say to you don't fake it till you make it
19:32
fake it till you become it
19:33
you know it's not do it enough until you actually become it and internalize
19:38
the last thing I want to leave you with is this
19:41
tiny tweaks can lead
19:43
to big changes so
19:46
this is two minutes
19:48
two minutes two minutes two minutes
19:50
before you go into the next stressful evaluative
19:52
situation for 2 minutes try doing this in the elevator
19:55
in a bathroom stall
19:57
at your desk behind closed doors
19:58
that's what you want to do get configure your brain
20:01
to cope the best in that situation
20:03
get your testosterone up get your cortisol
20:05
down don't leave that situation feeling like oh I didn't show them who I
20:09
am leave that situation feeling like oh I really feel like I got to
20:12
say who I am and show who I am
20:14
so I want to ask you first
20:16
you know both to
20:18
try power posing and also
20:21
I want to ask you
20:23
to share this science
20:24
cuz this is simple
20:25
I don't have ego involved in this
20:27
give it away like share it with people because the people who can use
20:30
it the most are the ones with no resources
20:33
and no technology and no status and no power give it to them because
20:38
they can do it in private they need their bodies
20:41
privacy and two minutes
20:43
and it can significantly
20:44
change the outcomes of their life thank you
Like
Share
TED
View all →
B2
Communication
Karaoke
14:22
The Art of Reading Minds | Oz Pearlman | TED
TED
B2
Communication
Karaoke
7:18
The Award for Best Comedy Wildlife Photo Goes to… | Tom Sullam | TED
TED
1
B2
Communication
Karaoke
9:58
What Sex, Soap and Alcohol Taught Me About Making an Impact | Myriam Sidibe | TED
TED
B2
Communication
Karaoke
10:41
How to Unlock Your Flirting Superpowers | Francesca Hogi | TED
TED
B2
Communication
12:57
How I Set Myself Free | Keke Palmer | TED
TED
8
B2
Communication
Karaoke
14:40
Inside a Dark Web Kill List | Carl Miller | TED
TED
1
B2
Communication
18:11
300 Years of Classical Music in 18 Minutes | Joshua Bell | TED
TED
B2
Communication
Karaoke
16:44
How to Raise Kids Who Can Handle Hard Things | Kathryn Hecht | TED
TED
Suggested videos
B2
Communication
Karaoke
14:22
The Art of Reading Minds | Oz Pearlman | TED
TED
B2
Communication
Karaoke
7:18
The Award for Best Comedy Wildlife Photo Goes to… | Tom Sullam | TED
TED
1
B2
Communication
Karaoke
9:58
What Sex, Soap and Alcohol Taught Me About Making an Impact | Myriam Sidibe | TED
TED
B2
Communication
Karaoke
10:41
How to Unlock Your Flirting Superpowers | Francesca Hogi | TED
TED
B2
Communication
12:57
How I Set Myself Free | Keke Palmer | TED
TED
8
B2
Communication
Karaoke
14:40
Inside a Dark Web Kill List | Carl Miller | TED
TED
1
B2
Communication
18:11
300 Years of Classical Music in 18 Minutes | Joshua Bell | TED
TED
B2
Communication
Karaoke
16:44
How to Raise Kids Who Can Handle Hard Things | Kathryn Hecht | TED
TED
