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The Napoleonic Wars - OverSimplified (Part 1)
The Napoleonic Wars - OverSimplified (Part 1)
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29:41 · May 28, 2021
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art history is full of great conquerors
1:02
many with very impressive origin stories
1:04
for example alexander the great was the son of a king
1:07
julius caesar came from an aristocratic
1:09
family that descended from a goddess
1:11
great conquerors don't usually come from relatively
1:14
insignificant families living on impoverished
1:16
islands but as it just so happens
1:18
that is where our story
1:20
begins in the early 18th century the island of corsica
1:24
was a part of the republic of
1:25
until one day corsica said hey we're declaring independence
1:28
and it's probably not worth your time to try and stop us so genoa
1:31
said you're right it isn't worth their time hey friends you want to buy
1:34
this island and france said sure thing
1:37
and thus corsica became france
1:39
just in time for napoleon
1:40
to be born french
1:41
many corsicans didn't appreciate their new conquerors
1:44
however and from an early age napoleon developed some fairly anti-french
1:48
sentiments napoleon's dad however quickly embraced his new french overlords
1:52
which created some tension between dad and son
1:55
look at me i'm dad i wear powdered wigs and silver buckle shoes and
1:58
i'm a traitor to the corsican people go to your room napoleon
2:01
no you go to your room dad
2:04
okay on the other hand napoleon adored his mother who was definitely the disciplinarian
2:08
of the family and even though she would punish napoleon
2:11
he kind of respected that but napoleon's
2:13
parents wanted the best for their family and since they were a very minor
2:16
nobility they were able to have napoleon sent off to the shining lights and
2:20
rat infested sewage puddles of the big city napoleon
2:23
went to military school in
2:25
okay napoleon why don't you introduce yourself to your new classmates
2:28
well i'm napoleon and i hate all of you your farts smell like cheese
2:31
you can't pronounce the letter r all you do is go on strike and
2:34
you call eggs oops like a bunch of big dumb idiot
2:40
okay thanks napoleon i hope you like being bullied and bullied
2:44
he was they picked on him for his corsican
2:47
accent his family's lack of
2:49
and it probably didn't help that he also had a bit of a chip
2:51
on his shoulder but he could hold his own and on an average
2:54
might be found dishing out ratatouille
2:56
sandwiches for breakfast he spent much of his time alone and he loved reading
3:00
about the great conquerors
3:01
of history he learned about julius caesar and he wondered if one day he
3:05
too might have a pizza franchise named after him
3:10
he excelled at math and geography
3:12
and when he graduated at the age of 16
3:14
he was made second lieutenant
3:15
in an artillery regiment
3:16
now second lieutenant might sound pretty sweet to a screw-up
3:20
like you but napoleon
3:21
had a little something called
3:23
ambition stonks of it and he wasn't content being just some junior officer
3:28
he wanted to rise the ranks
3:30
unfortunately for him that would be a little difficult
3:33
well napoleon i've reviewed your application
3:35
it's clear you're very skilled and would be a perfect fit for the promotion
3:39
and simeon you're just about the biggest idiot i've ever seen your test results
3:42
suggest you have the mental aptitude of a senile earthworm and in the part
3:45
of the form where you list your experience
3:47
you seem to have drawn a picture of a gerbil giving birth to a
3:49
shoe but your dad is the marquis de la fu fayette
3:53
you get the job
3:55
french society was just too closed off
3:58
positions were handed out based on nobility
4:01
not talent and the young napoleon
4:02
probably felt stuck wouldn't it be nice if say
4:06
a revolution came along and changed all of that
4:09
well what are the chances
4:11
the french revolution is here
4:13
best deal toppling head shopping
4:15
king popping the revolution
4:17
promised to do away with the old social hierarchy
4:19
and make everyone a little more equal
4:21
napoleon may not have cared much for the violent mobs but if it meant
4:25
he could rise the ranks
4:26
he was in he began fighting to defend the revolution
4:30
he put down a british-sponsored
4:31
counter-revolution in and got promoted
4:34
he put down a royalist uprising in paris
4:36
and got promoted and as his military prowess became more recognized
4:40
he was even given his very own army
4:42
it was astonishing progress for such a young man of humble
4:45
and napoleon's wildest dreams
4:47
were coming true but napoleon
4:49
also believed he could increase his social status
4:52
if he married an older rich lady and so around this
4:54
napoleon went on the prowl
4:57
however if some sources are to be believed
4:59
he was a verified
5:00
creep he reportedly had terrible luck with woman and most wanted nothing to do
5:04
with him fortunately he eventually met josephine
5:07
an aging single mother who was deeply in debt and needed stability
5:11
so she agreed to marry him despite finding him intensely
5:14
napoleon you dirty dog
5:16
you've done it unbeknownst
5:17
to napoleon however josephine
5:19
had a bit of a promiscuous
5:20
reputation hey napoleon i hear you're marrying josephine
5:24
boy she sure is a great kisser
5:26
that's right hey wait what do you mean she's a great kisser hey hugo
5:29
you hear napoleon's marrying josephine
5:31
wow she sure is a great kisser
5:33
now hang on just a minute hey everyone
5:35
napoleon's marrying josephine oh yeah
5:38
yeah sure is a great kid
5:40
i'm pretty sure i kissed you just yesterday
5:42
sake is there anyone here who hasn't kissed my wife
5:45
yeah you as napoleon fell madly in love with his new wife she fell
5:52
madly in love with a man named hippolyte
5:54
it wouldn't be long however before napoleon would leave home and go to war
5:58
because while france was having its revolution
6:00
tensions in europe were rising
6:02
hey austria you'll never guess what we just
6:05
what's that friends i got two words for you
6:08
revo lucian we totally just socked it to our
6:12
what dude the rest of us are monarchies
6:16
you've just totally threatened the balance of power in europe now we have to
6:19
worry about our stinky peasants rising up against us i mean holy hell your
6:23
queen is okay friends this is pretty awkward
6:27
and the rest of europe is probably itching to give you a wedgie
6:30
but you're not ready for a war yet so you gotta be cool man
6:33
it's absolutely that you say something to defuse the situation
6:38
right now preposterous i declare war
6:46
so france ended up at war with basically
6:48
the rest of europe and the war of the first coalition
6:51
began at first france struggled but then they started to do surprisingly
6:55
well and in many conquered territories
6:57
they began to establish
6:58
sister republics exporting their revolutionary
7:01
ideas across europe in 1796
7:04
they planned a three-pronged attack to take vienna and knock austria
7:07
out of the war with two magnificent
7:09
armies in the north to kick ass and napoleon
7:11
in the south has a bit of a diversion
7:13
for the first time napoleon would lead a military
7:16
campaign this was his chance to prove himself
7:19
to be somebody and what a general he proved to be
7:22
the army he was given were demoralized
7:24
lacking equipment and underpaid
7:26
but napoleon galvanized them with inspirational
7:29
speeches and he took them into italy
7:31
he was outnumbered and his campaign was partially meant to be a sideshow
7:34
but he made it the main show while the two northern armies were being
7:38
held back napoleon made staggering
7:40
progress in a signature napoleon
7:42
move he masterfully split his enemies into two and took them on separately
7:46
knocking sardinia out of the war and putting the austrians
7:49
on the run at the famous battle of lodi he was in the fray
7:52
aiming the cannons himself
7:54
getting covered in mud and earning the total
7:56
of his men they respected him so much that when he ordered an almost
8:00
suicidal assault on the only bridge in town his
8:02
threw themselves at it and took it despite fierce austrian resistance
8:06
for napoleon it was all he needed to confirm that he was the greatest
8:10
human who had ever existed
8:11
wow napoleon you're pretty great at this military stuff
8:14
just be careful your head doesn't get too big what did you just say
8:17
to me a little prick and as napoleon swept through northern italy the italians
8:21
cheered his arrival yes
8:24
i'm here to liberate you from your cruel
8:26
austrian oppressors and replace them with french ones
8:34
napoleon plundered as he went sending riches back to france to help its economy
8:38
but also paying his men the first real money they'd seen in years the
8:41
pope had been supporting the austrians
8:43
so napoleon briefly went to go give him a slap and as he began
8:46
to approach vienna the exhausted
8:47
austrians were forced to make peace with napoleon
8:50
overseeing negotiations himself he had just single-handedly
8:54
knocked austria out of the war
8:55
and by the way he was only 28
8:57
so maybe it's about time you moved out of your dad's attic in the
9:00
italian territories he had conquered napoleon
9:03
established new french sister republics
9:05
even writing constitutions and organizing governments himself
9:08
not something a general
9:09
generally does when he got back to france he was hailed as a hero
9:13
and the extremely unpopular
9:14
government were concerned he might get some power-hungry
9:17
ideas so they agreed he should go far away from france
9:20
to egypt where he could maybe undermine british access to india
9:23
napoleon was eager to win more glory
9:26
so he brought with him a team of scholars
9:28
and he was like whoa it's a freaky man cat whoa it's a big
9:31
stick well it's an ugly horse whoa it's a stumpy little manlet
9:35
hey i'm actually average height for the
9:40
but then british admiral nelson came down and wrecked his fleet and an anglo-ottoman
9:43
force defeated him at acre so napoleon abandoned his men and went back to
9:47
france his campaign in egypt hadn't gone quite as planned
9:51
but one thing you should know about napoleon
9:53
was that he was a skilled
9:55
he published his own newspapers
9:57
that sometimes exaggerated his achievements
9:59
and even commissioned paintings that generally made him look cool so when he returned
10:03
to paris he was yet again hailed as a hero and he began to
10:06
get some power hungry ideas
10:08
first however he had a bit of a problem to deal with see he
10:11
had learned something shocking
10:12
about his dear wife
10:14
really josephine this guy
10:16
i'm just as tall as him i'm
10:19
i swear now that you're becoming famous
10:21
i'll never do it again
10:23
make sure you don't
10:24
i've never stooped so louis to cheat on you now if you'll excuse
10:28
me i'll be in this room consulting
10:30
my generals for the next
10:32
minutes and by consulting
10:33
i mean boinking by my generals
10:36
i mean this woman
10:37
and by 30 minutes
10:39
i mean two seconds
10:41
having dealt with his wife napoleon was then approached by a very influential
10:44
politician who said he had an idea
10:47
he wanted to stage a coup against the deeply unpopular government and needed the
10:50
extremely popular napoleon's help and napoleon thought that was just the darn tootiness
10:54
idea the plan was to trap the government and convince him to voluntarily
10:58
give up their power
10:59
and here's how they did it hey guys oh my gosh quick there's a
11:03
dangerous jacobin plot to overthrow you which we definitely aren't just making up better
11:06
get inside this cage so we can protect you
11:10
okay gentlemen we got him
11:16
in this case the cage was an isolated palace outside of paris with no
11:20
one around but napoleon
11:21
and his army with the government inside
11:24
napoleon then entered and a pretty chaotic event ensued
11:26
during which the government didn't seem entirely sure what was going on napoleon's
11:30
men didn't seem entirely sure what was going on and napoleon himself
11:33
didn't seem entirely sure what was going on but thankfully napoleon's brother
11:37
president of the lower house managed to regain control and the remaining councilmen were
11:41
intimidated into creating a new constitution
11:43
and thus a new government was formed this
11:46
with three consuls in charge but after napoleon did some rewriting
11:49
in the end there was really only one man in charge
11:52
the first consul him and over the next few years he worked to consolidate
11:56
even more power and essentially became a dictator
11:59
in total control of france
12:01
by the way he was only 30.
12:03
so maybe it's about time you washed your disgusting
12:05
bed sheets france was now ruled by possibly the greatest military
12:09
of the time possibly the greatest
12:11
or well now is his chance
12:14
to prove it see
12:15
back when napoleon was still in egypt being indiana jones
12:19
back home france was in france
12:21
being france they had conquered
12:23
even more territory and they were like hey piedmont
12:25
you get revolutionary hey switzerland
12:28
you get revolutionary ideals
12:30
and rome you get revolutionary
12:32
ideals everybody gets revolutionary
12:34
oh hey guys nice sledgehammers
12:36
and naples very cool nail gun you guys here to get some revolutionary
12:45
as france was still spreading the revolution
12:47
and with napoleon busy in egypt the european powers felt the time was right
12:50
for round two and the war of the second coalition
12:53
began and this time their big bad boy buddy russia was here to bang
12:57
some french boys back to
12:59
and bang him they did france
13:02
got blasted but then russia pulled out after stalling in switzerland
13:05
and now that napoleon
13:06
was in charge of the country he was ready to start blasting
13:09
right back he took command of the army of the reserve
13:12
and he brought the fight to the
13:15
now there are many traits that made napoleon
13:17
a great military leader
13:18
i already mentioned one of them how he was one of the boys and
13:21
commanded the total loyalty of his men but now we see a second reason
13:25
the element of surprise
13:27
in 1800 napoleon moved to geneva
13:29
and it looked like he was probably going to take on the austrian forces
13:32
in germany there's no way he'd be crazy enough to move his entire army
13:35
south to the alps as a surprise attack on the austrians besieging genoa
13:38
oh napoleon's moving his entire army south through the alps as a surprise attack
13:42
on the austrians besieging genoa
13:44
napoleon's crossing of the alps is legendary
13:46
and you may have seen one of the most famous paintings of the general
13:49
popping a sick wheelie on his majestic stallion surrounded by dangerous mountain terrain
13:53
of course in real life he made the crossing on a depressed
13:56
mule but that's not as cool when he emerged in italy the austrians expected
14:00
him to come break their siege but napoleon went for their supply line near
14:03
milan forcing the austrians to meet napoleon head-on at the famous battle of
14:08
the austrians initially clobbered the outnumbered french and they were like hooray
14:12
we won but then a few hours later napoleon showed up again with an
14:15
even bigger army and he clobbered them right
14:17
holy cow this tiny little fun-sized french guy is running rings around us all
14:21
right i'm average height for the time you jerk then after general morrow's victory
14:26
at hohen linden vienna
14:27
was exposed and the austrians again sued for peace
14:31
just like the war of the first coalition
14:33
the second coalition ended in another french victory
14:35
but in many ways they both felt more like napoleon
14:38
victories only the uk remained at war with napoleon
14:42
and they were using their powerful navy to blockade french ports and were even
14:45
seizing the cargos of neutral ships
14:47
obviously everyone else got pretty pissed off that the british were interfering with their
14:51
trade so in they formed a league and they embargoed the uk right back
14:56
neutral countries protecting their own interests
14:59
that's offensive so britain went to copenhagen
15:01
and blew a bunch of up and the league disbanded
15:04
but because the uk's economy was pretty bust they decided to sign a treaty
15:07
with france in 1802
15:09
for the first time in a long time
15:11
europe was at peace
15:13
congratulations sire you've achieved peace
15:16
yes pierre but not for long i still don't trust those dirty brits
15:20
did you hear they've been calling me the bony men what does that even
15:23
mean keep an eye on them would you i can't
15:26
sire why not because they use
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so thank now where were we
16:32
oh yeah crossing the
16:34
defeating the austrians and europe
16:37
at peace what a meteoric
16:39
rise it had been for the young corsican
16:42
he had just taken charge of a nation that appeared to be losing a
16:44
war and turned it all around
16:46
securing french gains in europe
16:49
but there was now a big question
16:51
you see throughout the chaotic french revolution
16:53
french governments had struggled to keep the economy afloat
16:56
they often didn't have a whole lot of support and they frequently came and
16:59
went would napoleon finally be the man who could stick around
17:03
military victories were one thing but could the general also govern
17:07
spoiler alert yes the economy is crumbling well then why don't you have yourself
17:12
a new national bank currency reform and improve taxation
17:15
and welfare the legal system is an incoherent
17:18
mess well then why don't we nicely wrap all those civil laws up into
17:20
one new legal code corrupt government officials
17:24
throw them in the trash
17:25
bad infrastructure throw it in the trash woman's rights
17:28
throw him in the trash
17:29
wait really well yeah unfortunately
17:32
while napoleon was building on the equality
17:34
of the revolution he also largely scaled back rights for certain
17:37
and husbands had full legal control
17:39
over their wives but come on ladies
17:42
maybe let men have a slice of the pie for once
17:44
okay napoleon further reformed education
17:46
ensuring a system based on individual
17:49
meaning now simeon had to compete with everyone else and napoleon
17:52
could get the cream of the crop to help him run the
17:55
but he wasn't just building on the ideas of the revolution
17:58
the revolution had led to a lot of chaos and napoleon
18:01
needed stability so he rolled back a couple things most notably
18:05
with religion the revolution
18:06
had pretty much kicked the catholic church to the curb but napoleon
18:09
understood that since many french citizens
18:11
still considered themselves catholic
18:13
that could be a problem so he came to an agreement with the pope
18:16
and brought back the church only this time with some pretty hefty power limitations
18:20
he also ensured freedom for other religions
18:22
and is often noted for his positive treatment of jewish people at a time
18:25
of widespread anti-semitism but while all of this may make napoleon sound like a
18:29
pretty stand-up dude it's good to note that he believed in religious freedom because
18:32
he thought it was a powerful tool to keep the poor from eating the
18:35
rich or something like that
18:37
overall napoleon's aim was to end the chaos of the revolution
18:40
and finally create a stable and prospering
18:42
french republic and in that aim he seemed to be largely successful
18:46
and generally popular with the people of france
18:48
he officially declared that the revolution
18:51
is over adding i am the revolution
18:54
napoleon's head could be seen for miles
18:57
of course not everyone was happy with napoleon's
18:59
reforms conservatives felt he was too radical
19:02
radicals felt he was too conservative
19:04
but since napoleon was a dictator
19:06
opposition could usually be stamped out with some good old-fashioned
19:09
iron in 1804 napoleon
19:11
took one last major
19:13
after some failed attempts were made to assassinate
19:15
him he wanted to strengthen his position
19:17
and ensure his dynasty
19:19
could live on after him and so he decided being first council for life
19:23
simply wasn't quite enough
19:24
he decided he should become
19:26
emperor he held a vote asking the french people if they were cool with
19:30
the idea and they returned a definitely
19:32
not 99.9 in favor
19:35
the balls on this man and so on the 2nd of december
19:38
1804 in an elaborate ceremony at notre dame napoleon
19:42
was made emperor the pope was even invited to attend
19:45
and normally he would crown an emperor but to make sure everyone knew this
19:49
wasn't some charlemagne style circular power
19:52
napoleon lifted the crown and placed it on his own head
19:55
like i said the balls on this man
19:57
he was emperor of the french
20:00
well napoleon you were a general then he became first consul for life and
20:04
now you're an emperor
20:06
is it enough yet
20:07
is your ambition finally satisfied
20:10
i don't know pierre what comes after emperor
20:12
i would say god sire
20:15
you want to be a
20:18
god yes i'll put it down under maybe okay everyone
20:24
what the hell is going on this core skin guy showed up out of
20:27
nowhere and he's kicking our ass he's exporting the ideas of the french revolution
20:32
wherever he goes and he just declared himself king of italy and emperor
20:36
he can't do that
20:37
i'm the emperor oh hey fellow monarchs
20:39
i see you're having a monarch party
20:41
my invite must have got lost in the mail i'll just set up a
20:44
spot right here wow
20:48
you don't belong here napoleon
20:50
we're coming to take you down i'd like to see you try
20:54
i'm so scared i just pooed my pants
20:56
hey everyone i just pooed my
21:00
pants no but i
21:06
did just poo my pants before napoleon had even declared himself emperor the british
21:10
had already redeclared war on france because both sides had been violating their previous
21:15
napoleon immediately occupied hanover and then began making plans for a great british
21:19
invasion partially paid for by selling a huge chunk of land to the united
21:23
states napoleon gathered his army along the english channel but here was the problem
21:28
while napoleon's powerful army would almost certainly obliterate
21:31
the british on land there was very little chance he'd actually make it across
21:34
the channel because britannia
21:36
ruled the waves this power dynamic would keep the two traditional enemies from engaging
21:41
in much real direct combat throughout the napoleonic
21:43
wars however the british had something else up their sleeve
21:47
copious amounts of money they were willing to throw cash at anyone who would
21:51
go to war against napoleon
21:52
and there were plenty of takers
21:54
austria russia naples and sweden hoping to put napoleon's
21:58
france back in its
21:59
formed the third coalition
22:01
against france the coalition
22:03
forces probably thought that this time they stood a chance
22:06
they weren't prepared for the total humiliation
22:09
they were about to suffer
22:10
the war of the third coalition
22:12
was napoleon at his best
22:14
we've already learned two ways in which napoleon was a great military commander
22:17
but here comes one of the biggest
22:20
speed he had reorganized
22:21
his army into cores which were themselves
22:23
basically small armies each had their own infantry cavalry
22:27
and artillery and as a result was able to act more independently
22:31
they spread out through the countryside
22:32
and by living off the land rather than relying on heavy supply trains they
22:36
were able to move extremely
22:38
quickly napoleon would traverse massive
22:40
outmaneuver his enemies isolate
22:42
them and then move in for the kill
22:44
before they even knew what was going on
22:47
lightning warfare leading to total destruction
22:50
would you like to see him do
22:51
here we go part of the coalition's
22:53
plan was for the russians to meet up with the austrians
22:55
and take on napoleon together
22:57
combined they could turn the tide against him so napoleon
23:00
needed to stop them from ever meeting but he's all the way over in
23:03
bologna no problem in a matter of weeks napoleon
23:06
marched 200 000 men in secret
23:09
encircling austrian general mack and capturing
23:11
his entire army a devastating
23:14
blow napoleon later remarked i have destroyed the austrian army by simply marching
23:19
next he turned to face the approaching russians
23:21
okay it looks like the french are coming for us but check this out
23:24
i've got an amazing idea
23:26
when they we run
23:28
away sir you're a genius the russians began to retreat with napoleon
23:34
giving chase and since his tactics relied on quick victories
23:37
this could be a problem especially
23:39
because the longer the war went on the more likely it looked other countries
23:42
may join the coalition
23:44
against him but napoleon
23:45
knew the russians are alexander
23:47
the first was young and seeking glory so he came up with an idea
23:50
to lure him in he sent him a message
23:53
what does it say
23:55
it says hello i'm just a widdle baby boy
23:58
and i'm very scared
24:00
are you talking like that or is he he is
24:03
why is he doing that i don't know but it's very cute helpless and
24:06
vulnerable hmm a little baby
24:09
boy eh very scared
24:11
eh cute hey boris
24:14
get my crossbow we're going
24:16
the allied forces turned to face napoleon
24:19
who they now believed was in a vulnerable position
24:21
he was set up at austerlitz
24:23
and to make it look like he was retreating
24:25
he had even evacuated
24:26
the high ground a thick fog set in obscuring napoleon's
24:29
center as the allies took the bait and set up on the heights
24:32
from there they spotted napoleon's
24:34
very weak looking right flank
24:35
and they descended the heights to go get it little did they know it
24:39
was exactly what napoleon
24:40
was hoping they'd do
24:42
the next thing they knew a large french force was emerging from the
24:45
launching a huge central assault
24:47
up the hill they swung around crushing the allies
24:50
and as men attempted to flee across the frozen lakes napoleon
24:54
ordered his artillery to fire on the ice causing an unknown number
24:57
to drown but he told me he was just a little baby boy what
25:01
happened he tricked you sir
25:03
you i was the little baby boy all along
25:08
it was napoleon's masterpiece
25:10
and austria were once again forced to make peace with france
25:13
then with the french conquest of naples in 1806
25:16
the war of the third coalition
25:17
ended as yet another
25:19
napoleon victory this was the third time napoleon had had to give austrian emperor
25:24
francis a good spanking
25:26
and so with the peace treaty in 1805
25:29
napoleon was determined to punish him he was forced to give up territory
25:33
hand over significant compensation
25:35
and promised never to fight napoleon
25:36
again for now russia
25:38
sweden and the uk
25:40
remained at war with france but none were able to offer much of a
25:43
threat and so napoleon
25:44
got to work strengthening
25:46
his grip over europe
25:47
he gave out rule of captured territories
25:49
to his family and friends and most notably he established a new confederation
25:53
in germany with himself
25:54
as its protector seeing his influence in germany being wiped away emperor francis
25:59
acknowledged reality and officially dissolved
26:02
the holy roman an entity that had existed for over a thousand years
26:06
but it wasn't all good news for napoleon
26:09
for one thing spain had earlier allied with france in 1804
26:12
because the british just couldn't help themselves from blowing up spanish ships and napoleon
26:16
hoped a combined french spanish fleet would eventually be able to invade england
26:20
unfortunately he received word that british admiral nelson had engaged his fleet at trafalgar
26:25
normally naval battles looked like this but in this case nelson
26:28
did this was it because he was an idiot
26:31
no it's because he was a genius
26:34
he successfully punched through the franco spanish line and unleashed
26:37
hell his victory ensured british control of the sea and his death during the
26:41
battle made him a legend
26:44
napoleon's hopes for a future british invasion
26:46
were gone but not just that napoleon was also hoping to secure peace on
26:50
the continent but that wasn't looking likely because the prussian king was under pressure
26:54
from his wife frederick
26:56
he's established a confederation
26:58
in our turf and he told us he'd give us hannover but then offered
27:01
it to the british
27:02
you have to declare war on him what is it with you and war
27:05
what is it with you and being a cupcake
27:07
go to war okay in october
27:09
1806 prussia with its famed military
27:12
tradition joined the coalition
27:14
and declared war beginning the war of the fourth
27:17
unfortunately prussian king frederick william iii wasn't the smartest tool in the shed
27:22
look at him over there being all french
27:24
makes me sick boys
27:26
we'll get him this time but here's the thing
27:28
this time we have to stick together
27:31
do not under any circumstances
27:33
face napoleon by yourself
27:34
you all saw what happened to austria
27:37
hey where'd fred go hey you jerk think you're some kind of big shot
27:41
huh wanna tangle with fred you don't got the cajones
27:43
we're screwed without consulting its allies prussia had gone ahead and sent napoleon an
27:47
ultimatum demanding he move all his
27:49
out of germany now some of you watching this video probably can't even wipe
27:53
your own bum bum yet but even you know you don't just send napoleon
27:57
an ultimatum obviously napoleon went in for the kill
28:00
prussia's army was quite outdated
28:02
so when they met napoleon
28:03
at the twin battles of yena and oursted
28:06
it wasn't even close
28:07
even marshall davu's heavily outnumbered court aurstat
28:10
sent the prussians running and napoleon
28:11
carried out a ruthless pursuit of his fleeing enemy taking berlin and within a
28:16
single month decimating the prussian forces
28:18
frederick william and the remnants of his army moved to the east
28:22
at this point napoleon's
28:23
forces were pretty tired
28:24
winter had come and conditions
28:26
were miserable he anticipated
28:28
both sides would settle into winter quarters
28:30
but russia decided to try their hand at an unexpected
28:33
winter attack a series of brutal battles followed that took a heavy toll on
28:37
both sides including the vicious battle of ayla fought in blizzard
28:42
men froze to death
28:43
and many deserted the russian artillery
28:46
tore the french to shreds
28:47
and napoleon himself was momentarily
28:49
under risk of being captured
28:51
in the end the french army was saved thanks to a legendary
28:54
cavalry charge by napoleon's flamboyant
28:55
cavalry commander miura after the horror inflicted on both
29:00
they decided it might be a good idea not to do any more fighting
29:02
until after then after winter came and the fighting continued
29:06
the russians were pushed back to friedland
29:08
where russian general bennigsen
29:10
made a bit of a blunder by positioning
29:11
himself with the aloe river to his back
29:13
the french artillery were able to pin the russians between the river and their
29:17
concentrated gunfire a major element in napoleon's
29:20
fighting style and many russians drowned as they tried to escape
29:24
war of the fourth coalition victory napoleon
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