Learn English with Alisha (Past Livestreams) - Transitions, Money, and the Government

Wait, before we start,

do you want a bundle of 30 printable English PDF cheat sheets teaching you

words and phrases for conversations for free?

Then click the link in the description

and sign up for a free lifetime account to get access.

Hi everybody and welcome back to our weekly live stream.

My name is Alicia and this week we are going to talk about money.

We're going to talk about earning money, spending money, and saving and investing money.

Today we're going to talk about some important verbs, mostly,

but I have also included some key nouns

that are also extremely important to include in your discussions about money

and of course in your planning about money.

So I hope that this is a very helpful lesson for learners of all

levels.

So as you join,

please please please make sure to hit the like button

and of course share this video

so other people can find today's lesson.

Send a message in the chat

so I can come to say hello to you

if you're watching live.

If you're watching later, welcome.

Thanks for checking it out.

But while we wait for people to join us live,

I want to mention this banner at the bottom of the screen

which says download your free 2000 words ebook.

The team has a free PDF ebook at englishclass101.com.

This is the 2000 core words of English ebook.

That means these are the 2000 most commonly used words in everyday communication.

So these are the words that you're going to need to know first.

So if you want to make sure your vocabulary studies are very efficient,

if you want to study the most important words at the beginning of your

studies,

go download this.

You can check the link below the video

if you're watching on YouTube

or above or to the side of the video

if you're watching on Facebook.

You just need your name

and an email address to make a free account at englishclass101.com.

Login, come back to this page, and you can download this for free.

Check it out.

I hope that it helps you.

Okay, we have a lot to cover today.

So, let's say a quick greeting to everybody.

Hello Natalie and Zach and Rocky, Patrick, Fernando, Allison, Inazuma, Lovett's.

What's up?

Facebook, I don't see anybody on Facebook yet.

Maybe it is loading.

We will see >> >> in just a in just a second.

So, please make sure to hit the like button if you haven't.

Hello Mino, and let's get into today's lesson.

Hi Victor.

Hello Mauricio.

Welcome.

Okay, let's go because I wrote a lot on the board today.

So, let's get through everything.

Let's begin with maybe our favorite step, get money.

So, I've used the word get money to be very, very basic, right?

Let's talk about some keywords we use to talk about getting money.

The first is to earn, to earn.

Maybe the most common way we get money.

To earn money means to do a job or to provide a service, etc.

Maybe you sell something for example, in exchange for money.

So, you do something, you go to your job, you sell a product,

you receive money.

So, we call that earning money, to earn money.

Let's look at this vocabulary word in two sentences.

How much are you going to earn next year?

Here is our verb.

How much are you going to earn next year?

Maybe when you want to plan something with your partner.

How much are you going to earn next year, right?

How much money are you going to get in exchange for working

or providing a service,

yeah?

Second example here, I earned $50,000 last year.

I earned $50,000 last year.

Here I have the past tense version of the verb, past tense form.

Please note, it is a regular past tense verb, earned.

So, put ed at the end to make the past tense form.

So, I earned $50,000 last year.

Simple one, right?

So, you can think about,

you don't have to put in the chat your money from the last year,

but you can think about how much money you earned last year

as a good way to warm up today,

okay?

All right.

Then, let's take a look at this next one, to get paid.

To get paid.

This verb is a little different from to earn.

To get paid means to receive the money you have earned, okay?

So, there is an important difference between these.

To earn money means to do your job, right?

Or to sell your service, to sell your product.

You are working, right?

You are doing something, and that is valuable, right?

To get paid, that's the action of receiving the money, yeah?

So, these two are a little bit different, right?

Earning the money means doing the action of, you know, value,

and then to get paid means to receive the money.

So, let's look at these example sentences.

First one, a very common one, "Yay, we get paid tomorrow.

Yay, we get paid tomorrow."

So, here we have we get paid tomorrow, right?

So, this is an expression usually of excitement, right?

The day before what we call payday is something like this, "Often,

we get paid tomorrow."

That means we receive the money from our jobs tomorrow, right?

Usually a happy moment, yeah?

Let's look at the second example.

"I don't get paid until next week.

I don't get paid until next week."

So, again, a very common sentence we use

when planning our money for the month,

yeah?

So, in this case, I don't get paid until next week, okay?

So, this is kind of a way to say, "Ah,

maybe I don't have money or I won't have enough money until next week."

This one sounds a little bit on the negative side,

but we want to express money is going to come in next week.

So, I don't get paid until next week, okay?

So, these two are important to consider.

They are different, okay?

Let me see your examples.

Fernando wrote, "I want to earn a lot of money."

Great, okay.

Yamanya wrote, "I earn 2,000 rials per month."

Okay, good.

Fernando, we get paid tomorrow.

Careful, we get paid.

This is a D.

We get paid tomorrow, okay?

So, watch out for that.

Hello everyone joining on Facebook.

Welcome Julius and Algassim.

Hello.

Let's go to the next one then.

I want to include this this phrase.

This is a really common way to get paid, okay?

So, this phrase is direct deposit.

Direct deposit, this means money sent directly to your account.

This is maybe the most common way to get paid in many countries around

the world.

In English, at least in American English, we say direct deposit.

So, this means the money comes from your job

and goes into your bank account directly,

okay?

So, to deposit, which I Did I include it

that I didn't include

that today,

okay.

To deposit means to put money into your account, right?

And direct means there's nothing in the way.

So, it goes from your employer to your bank with no stop between, okay?

So, we like direct deposit.

It's very easy.

We like that a lot.

So, this is usually how we receive our money, how we get paid.

And often we need to set up direct deposit.

This is usually how part of the process when we begin a new job.

We set up direct deposit.

This is the name of a payment system.

So, if you work in the USA or maybe some other English-speaking countries,

maybe you already know about this direct deposit phrase.

So, this is kind of the flow.

We earn money, we get paid, and we do that through direct deposit systems.

Okay?

Good so far?

Let me check the chat.

Um Zach wrote, "My new job offers direct deposit,

so I don't have to worry about losing a paper check."

Great one.

Okay.

He mentioned paper checks,

so maybe some of you have received a check for your job,

a piece of paper.

We use that interestingly still in the United States.

You have to take that to the bank and then you can get paid.

Or maybe some people receive cash for certain jobs.

So, direct deposit means you don't have to do anything to get your money.

Okay?

Let me check the other examples.

I'll try to check a few from different people.

Inazuma wrote, "I deposited 2,000 pesos in my credit card."

So, so when we use the verb deposit,

it usually means we put money into a bank account.

So, this deposit means put money into a bank account.

I'll put I'll put a note here.

This is for banks, bank accounts.

Okay?

So, when you want to talk about a credit card,

maybe we can talk about it more in part two.

When you want to talk about a credit card, we usually say your example,

"I paid 2,000 pesos."

Like in for Hang on.

So, if maybe this is Maybe I need to clarify your example sentence,

but my understanding is you paid 2,000 pesos on your card,

and now it's time to repay that amount, right?

Maybe you can send me another example sentence there though.

But you We usually say,

"I made a payment on my credit card

or I made a payment of 2,000 pesos to my credit card.

Maybe Maybe that's a not quite right what what you want to say,

but you can send me an example.

Okay, let me move on to the next one.

Uh the Black Eagle wrote, "I earned enough money to pay my bills."

Great.

Great example sentence.

Uh Patrick wrote, "When we are paying online,

uh can we call it direct deposit

or do you use another name for this?"

Uh for example, in online shopping?

Uh so, we usually say direct deposit only for our money that we receive,

yeah?

So, when you make a payment for online shopping,

like Amazon or Apple or something like that, when you make a payment online,

we don't usually say direct deposit.

Instead, uh we often You might see, depending on the country, like bank transfer.

Like uh there might be some kind of uh bank transfer

or similar phrase we use instead.

Direct deposit we usually use just for receiving our paycheck, right?

Our monthly paycheck.

I hope that answers your question.

Okay.

Um Cindy wrote, "I want to deposit money in my account,

but I don't have money."

Very common situation, right?

Okay.

Great example.

Don't forget your two, Cynthia.

I want to deposit money.

Okay.

Let me check Facebook.

Hello, Iris.

Uh I prefer direct deposit.

Yes, very common one.

Okay.

Uh Rodis wrote on YouTube, "Here in Chile,

we always get paid uh by or via direct deposit almost all the companies."

Yeah, great.

Uh another point, I'll write it here.

When you want to talk about this system,

use uh to get paid by

or I personally would say I get paid via

or you might also hear through.

To get paid uh via or through direct deposit.

These two show the method of payment here.

So, that's uh how we link it.

I get paid via direct deposit or I get paid through direct deposit.

That's how we uh show the relationship between the payment and our bank account.

Yeah?

Okay.

Let's continue uh to the next part.

Very quickly though, I'll remind you, in case you missed it,

about this banner at the bottom of the screen.

If you didn't see it before,

the team has a free PDF ebook with the 2,000 core words of English.

Woohoo!

So, if you haven't checked it out, you can go download this for free.

You can go to the link down here, YouTube,

or up here if you're watching on Facebook.

You can go download this from englishclass101.com.

This has the 2,000 most commonly used words in English.

Some of these words are in there, plus many, many more.

So, go check it out

because I hope it really helps you to practice the most important words first.

Yeah?

Okay.

So, I'll remind you again a little bit later.

For now, let's continue to part two.

Uh we're going to talk next about using money or spending money.

Okay?

And if you haven't,

please make sure to like this video

and share it because it helps other people find the lesson.

Okay?

Um let me check the chat.

Um Month uh on Facebook wrote, "I want to direct deposit money."

Uh So, direct deposit is usually from your work, right?

Your employer will direct deposit your money.

Yeah?

For you, you can just say, "I want to deposit money."

Right?

To deposit money means to put in.

So, you don't need to say direct deposit.

If you want to put money in your account,

"I want to deposit some money."

Perfect.

Okay.

Let's continue to part two.

Using and spending money.

Maybe the most fun.

If earning money, getting money is exciting,

maybe using and spending money is very fun, right?

So, let's talk about uh some key vocabulary words here.

The first is to buy.

The verb to buy means to use your money to get something, right?

This is the general word we use to mean use your money

and receive something,

right?

So, let's look at the example sentences.

I want to buy a house someday.

Here's our verb.

I want to buy a house someday.

So, I want to use my money to get a house someday, okay?

The second example, past tense, we bought a new TV last week.

We bought a new TV last week.

In past tense, we have this irregular.

So, buy becomes bought in past tense, yeah?

We bought a new TV last week.

So, buy is the very general word we use to mean using money to

get something else,

okay?

So, with this in mind, let's look at this verb, to pay.

To pay.

To pay is different from to buy.

To pay means to give money in exchange for something, right?

Similar, but to pay, this part is the most important.

This is the action of giving the money, right?

So, in the store or in a restaurant,

when you give your credit card

or you give cash

or you give a check,

maybe.

You give someone money to finish your shopping, yeah?

To finish your transaction.

That's the verb we use, pay, okay?

So, we don't say,

I want to buy like my like something like in a restaurant, right?

You say, I want to pay at a restaurant, yeah?

So, that means the action of giving the money, okay?

So, let's compare this to two more example sentences.

As in, please pay at the register.

Please pay at the register.

This is a super common sentence.

So, at a shopping mall store

or at a restaurant

or maybe even a hotel,

yeah?

Please pay at the register means please give the money at the register, okay?

Second, past tense, I already paid for lunch.

I already paid for lunch.

Here is the verb.

Again.

Paid.

This is the same as this one, to get paid, yeah?

So, I already paid for lunch.

That means I already gave the money in exchange for the food, yeah?

So, pay means to give money for something.

Okay?

Let me check the chat really quickly.

Uh on Facebook, Newha wrote, "I want to buy a car next week."

Good, perfect use of buy, nicely done.

Back on YouTube, Zach wrote,

"I will try to buy the concert tickets before they sell out."

Nice one.

Rocky wrote, "I'm hoping to buy new shirt someday."

Nice one.

Um Inazuma wrote, "To buy my favorite shirt, I need to pay $2,000."

So expensive.

A $2,000 shirt, that is too expensive.

Don't buy that shirt.

>> >> This is not financial advice,

but I don't think you should buy a $2,000 shirt.

Okay.

Um let's see, Zach, I see you're writing many messages,

but I want to make sure everyone has a chance today.

Victor wrote, "I don't feel like I spend money

when I go to the restaurant with you."

Oh, that's a very nice way to say like like

if you're on a date with somebody,

nice one.

You you feel like maybe it's uh or well,

it depends on how you use that.

I don't feel like I spend money.

Maybe that means that person is a very cheap date, maybe?

They don't they don't cost a lot of money.

But or maybe you just you feel like it's a good use of money.

Maybe that's a nice way to say what you want to say.

I don't mind spending a lot of money when I'm with you.

That could be a good way to say something.

Maybe that's what you're going for, a date expression.

Okay.

Uh Patrick wrote, "I've spent all my money before the lunch."

This is sad.

Maybe you want to say, "I spent instead of I have spent before lunch."

Uh I believe that's what you want to say.

"I spent all my money before lunch."

This is sad.

Maybe that's what you want to say, a little grammar change.

Okay.

Uh yeah, Minya wrote, "I will pay money for my children's clothes."

Okay, so you can that's grammatically correct.

I will pay money for my children's clothes,

but I I would maybe say I I'll buy,

like I will buy my children's clothes

or I need to buy my children's clothes.

This we use usually pay when we are in the store, yeah?

Or when we tell a story uh about the store, right?

Like I paid uh very I don't know.

I paid at the front of the store.

So when you talk about your plans to get something,

uh probably use the verb buy to do that, okay?

Um you know, I want to spend

or invest my money in a game arcade.

Yeah, we'll talk about this a little bit over here with investing.

Uh I have invest and to save, but yeah, I would choose uh spend.

I want to spend my money in a game arcade is a good one

to use,

Minya.

Okay, let's continue.

Oh, I did put spend here.

Okay, great.

>> >> Let's continue to spend.

Great great example sentence there, Minya.

To spend, this generally means to use money, right?

To use money.

So, maybe you don't buy it or buy something, right?

To spend just means you use it.

Generally using something, okay?

So this is a way to talk about like your money during the month.

So let's look at some example sentences

so you can see how

and why we use the verb spend.

Like Minya had a good one in the chat.

So, first one is I don't want to spend all my money today.

I don't want to spend all my money today.

Here, to spend, this is our verb.

So imagine spend means use, yeah?

I don't want to use all my money today, right?

So, in this sentence, there's no clear plan, right?

We didn't say, "I'm going shopping."

Or "I'm going to a an arcade."

Or "I'm going to um some vacation spot, right?

This is a very general sentence, right?

So, this is how we use spend to talk about using money generally.

So, I don't want to spend all my money today, okay?

Let's try the next example, past tense.

I spent too much last month.

I spent too much last month.

Please note here the past tense spend becomes spent, spent, irregular there, spent.

I spent too much money last month.

Again, if we imagine this is used,

it would be I used too much money last month.

So, we don't in these example sentences we don't have like examples.

What did we buy, right?

We just want to say I used too much, right?

So, spend can be a very, very general word, all right?

Let's see the examples in the chat.

Um, Yamanya wrote, "I spent a lot of money last week."

Good.

Uh, Zach wrote, "That's a lot of money to spend on t-shirts."

Indeed, that 2000 example was good.

Um, what else is going down there?

Can you scroll down, control desk?

Okay.

Uh, I will pay 300 bucks for a pair of sneakers.

Oh, all right, good one.

Good use of pay there.

I'll pay 300 bucks for a pair of sneakers.

Some people love their sneakers.

That's a that's a whole thing.

Okay, let's continue then.

I wanted to connect these two verbs, to spend and to overspend.

To overspend means to use too much money, okay?

So, this is long, right?

To use too much money.

We have one word that means to do that, to overspend.

So, we have spend right here.

Over means like too much, to do that thing too much.

Easy, right?

Let's look at these examples then.

Be careful not to overspend on vacation.

Be careful not to overspend on vacation.

So, this sentence means be careful not to spend too much money on vacation.

That's very long, right?

So, be careful not to overspend on vacation.

And in past tense, we overspent on our car.

Oops, we overspent.

This means we spent too much money on our car

or we used too much money on our car.

Okay?

So, to overspend means to go beyond too much used.

All right?

Okay, let me see your examples

and then we'll finish quickly with saving

and investing words.

Uh Nuha on Facebook wrote, "Ah,

I spent all my money to start my business."

I think the chat went quickly.

I hope I got that right.

Great example.

Um others Banth Banth Banth wrote, "I have spent money on my vacation."

Maybe I have spent or I spent money on my vacation is okay,

just a basic sentence.

Uh Abdulla, "I have not the money to spend."

I know what you're trying to say.

I don't have money to spend.

That's how you say it.

If you don't have a lot of money right now, you can say, "Ah,

I don't have money to spend."

That's what you want to say.

Okay, let me come back to YouTube.

Uh Mauricio wrote, "I want to careful your typing there.

I want to spend I think spend my money to learn languages

and other things."

Great, okay.

Others, Natalie wrote, "I don't want to spend money on luxurious goods."

Okay, great example.

Um Inazuma, "I literally spent all of my money for a game."

So, say uh let me go back to great example, almost perfect Inazuma.

Let's talk about prepositions briefly.

Uh you put I literally spent all of my money to buy to spend

to spend money Let me put an important note here.

To spend money on something.

We want to use the preposition on.

To spend spend money on something instead of spend money for something, like,

"I spent too much money on a game."

or "I spent too much money on my shirt."

or "I spent too much money on my haircut."

"I spent too much money on my car."

We want the preposition on for this one.

That's an important note.

Thanks for that example.

Okay.

Oh my gosh, time is going quickly.

Okay, let me go to the last one

and then I'll come back to the chat again where we will finish quickly.

So, let's finish with the last few vocabulary words about saving and investing.

Maybe the one of the most important parts here, right?

This is exciting.

This is fun.

And then this is super important.

So, to save money is our next keyword.

To save money means to keep it, right?

To keep it in a bank account.

Maybe some people keep it in cash in their house somewhere.

You have your own system, I hope.

So, to save money means just to keep it somewhere.

To not use it yet.

All right?

Let's look at the examples.

It's important to save money.

It's important to save money, to to keep some, right?

And second, try to save money every month.

Try to save money every month.

Here we go again.

Try to save money, right?

In past tense, this is a regular uh verb.

So, we saved $100 last month, for example.

So, we just want to talk about keeping it.

Now, I want to compare this to the verb invest, to invest money.

To invest money means to put money in, for example, stocks, bonds,

uh mutual funds, ETFs, etc., right?

So, this means there is some risk with your money.

It's not the same as saving money.

Saving money means you keep it, usually in a savings account or in cash,

like I mentioned, or maybe you have another system in your country.

To invest money means you use your money to buy parts of companies

or to buy government products

and you hope the money goes up over time,

right?

So, we call this investing.

So, to invest describes using your money in this way.

So, let's look at the examples we have.

We have start investing as soon as possible.

Start investing as soon as possible.

Here we have investing.

In this case, we have linked it to the verb start.

Start investing.

So, this means start doing this activity as soon as possible.

So, maybe for some people common advice, okay?

Second then, she started past she started investing when she was 20.

She started investing when she was 20.

So, here past tense, but again started the activity of investing.

Or she started to invest is also okay.

Okay?

So, when we invest,

we do have some risk

that we don't have

or it's a different type of risk with savings accounts.

Often times savings accounts, we receive very low interest, but there's less risk.

With investments, there is generally well, depending on the situation, more interest,

but there's also more risk, right?

So, let's talk about this word interest.

Super important vocabulary word.

Interest is the money you earn from having keeping your money in a savings

account or investment maybe.

Maybe.

I want to include this maybe as a big maybe, right?

Because we don't know for sure what's going to happen

when we invest our money,

right?

So, interest means for example,

you keep your money in a bank account and slowly it grows.

It gets bigger over time

because you receive money from the bank

as like a thank you,

right?

For keeping your money in the bank.

This money is called interest, Yeah?

So, let's look at a couple example sentences.

First, this is a high interest bank account.

This is a high interest bank account.

This is a noun, by the way, interest.

High interest bank account.

That means the amount of money we receive from keeping our money is a

high level.

Yeah?

Maybe like 5%, 4.5, 5%.

Nice, right?

So, the second example, my account has low interest.

Sad face.

My account has low interest, okay?

So, again, we have here the interest amount.

So, low interest, maybe, oh man,

I don't earn any money from keeping my money in this type of account.

It is low interest.

So, typically, we feel excited when we have a high interest savings account.

Means we get more money over time.

Yeah?

And we don't have to do anything.

We just keep our money there, okay?

So, interest.

We love interest.

We love compound interest.

All right?

Let me see the examples.

Um what else is coming in?

You know, I wrote,

"I try to save money for the next trip with my dogs."

Okay, or maybe you could say,

"I'm going to try to save money."

or "I'm trying to." to show

that it's your plan

or that you are doing it now,

maybe.

So, "I'm going to try."

Okay?

Zack wrote, "She decided to invest her savings in a startup company."

Nice example sentence.

Back on Facebook, uh Banffee wrote,

"My account uh My account has" Don't forget you need a verb there.

"My account has zero interest."

And we usually use a percent.

So, for interest, "My account has 0% interest." or "My account has 1% interest."

So, we use a percent when we talk about interest.

Nice one, though.

Okay?

Um what else?

Uh I want to see what else.

You know, Zuma, can you say Can you use save for the preposition for?

Yes, I believe I understand your question correctly with save.

So, I want to save for something is the preposition.

I want to save, for example, for a vacation.

Yes, we want to use the preposition for to talk about our savings goal.

Okay, oh my gosh, I have to finish quickly.

Let's wrap it up then.

Last one then.

I only put one more.

Okay, the last one.

I put the verb withdraw.

To withdraw.

Maybe this is a tricky pronunciation point, a good one to practice.

To withdraw means to take money out of an account, okay?

So, take money out of your regular bank account,

take money out of your savings account, take money out of an investment account,

okay?

To withdraw means to take money out, okay?

So, let's look at the examples and let's talk about two points.

So, I want to withdraw some money.

You go to the bank.

I want to withdraw some money.

Here we have the verb.

This means I want to take out some money from an account, right?

And second, past tense.

I want to note this about past tense.

I withdrew.

Withdrew.

This one is a strange past tense.

So, withdraw becomes withdrew, d r e w.

Weird, right?

So, he withdrew $50.

This means he took $50 out of his account, okay?

So, we can use withdraw for all the different types of account.

Okay.

Oh my gosh, we made it.

Great.

All right, I have to finish there.

I am almost at my deadline.

So, let's finish up quickly.

If you want to take a screenshot, go for it.

Now is your chance.

Hooray!

So, today we got to talk about money.

How exciting.

I have to finish there because it's at the time.

Oh my gosh.

So, I will quickly let you know

that next week there will be we're going to change live streams a little

bit,

but I will of course still be here.

The presentation style will be a little different.

So, I hope that you can still enjoy that.

The topic next week will be government words.

So, please join me to talk about some government words next week.

I hope we have a good time.

That will be 10:00 p.m.

Eastern Standard Time, New York City time.

If you don't know your local time,

just Google it or set a notification on Facebook or on YouTube.

Thank you to everybody who joined and sent great example sentences and questions today.

I have to go, but I hope you have a great week, great weekend.

Check out the free 2,000 word ebook from the link below

and go crazy with your vocabulary studies.

You can find this at englishclass101.com.

So, I'll say goodbye for now,

but I hope you join me again next week and have a great weekend.

Bye.

Hi everybody and welcome back to our weekly live stream.

My name is Alicia and in this week's live lesson,

we're going to talk about government vocabulary.

Today, I have chosen a bunch of vocabulary words about government systems,

about the law, and about just daily life inside a country.

So, I hope that everybody will be able to find the words to describe

their country's government system

and also to talk a little bit about their opinions relating to the government.

So, as you join today, please, please,

please make sure to hit the like button

and of course share this video

so that other people can find today's lesson.

That would be super, super cool.

I also want to mention this banner at the bottom of the screen

which says download your free 2,000 word ebook.

If you haven't seen it, the team has made this ebook right here,

this one, that has the 2,000 core words of English.

Those are the most commonly used words in English.

So, you can download this for free from englishclass101.com now

and study the most important words first.

You'll find the link below the video if you're watching on YouTube,

above the video if you're watching on Facebook.

All right.

So, as people join, I will come to say hello in the chat.

But first, let's take a look at all of the different words we're going

to talk about today.

I've chosen a few different words

that are related to government systems

and words that are often in the news today.

So, today we're going to talk about democracy, monarchy, oligarchy, authoritarianism, a few very,

very different government systems.

We're also going to talk about some concepts

that are important in government like equality

and corruption.

We're going to talk about voting.

We're going to talk about the political spectrum, left wing, right wing, and centrists.

We're going to talk about the word policy and how it's different from law.

We'll talk about what it means to be a citizen or what citizenship means.

And we'll also talk about public services.

I've also included campaign here, too.

So, we're going to cover a lot today.

So, let's get into it.

I'll say hello to everybody in the chat really quickly.

On Facebook, hello Matthias, hello.

And on YouTube, Natalie, Patrick, Elke, what's up?

Fati, Valon, what's up everybody?

Welcome.

We have a lot to cover, so let's begin.

Let's start Oh yes, if you missed it,

don't forget to click the link below the video to find this free PDF

ebook.

Check it out.

I will remind you again later.

Okay.

So, let's get into it.

Let's start with democracy.

Ta-da!

So, democracy is our first word for today.

The pronunciation is democracy.

Democracy.

I know it looks kind of like democrazy or something like that.

Democracy.

Democracy.

So, the emphasis Oops, the emphasis is on the mock right here.

Democracy, okay?

So, a democracy is a government system in

which the people choose the leader by voting.

Okay?

The basic The basic concept of a democracy is the people get to choose,

right?

There are many different systems for many different countries,

so they're all a little bit different.

But basically, the people either directly choose the leader

or they choose leaders who

then choose the next highest level leader.

Yeah?

So, let's look at this in a sentence.

Our country became a democracy more than 100 years ago.

So, our country became a democracy more than 100 years ago.

Okay?

Can't really see it.

We'll see it here in a little bit, but I have a picture.

There's a picture down here of a person putting a piece of paper into

a box that is called voting.

But we'll get to that later.

Okay?

Let's compare this then to another government system

that is not so popular these days,

that is not so common these days.

Used to be very popular.

The system is a monarchy.

Monarchy.

Monarchy.

So, the emphasis is here.

Monarchy.

A monarchy is a government system in which the leaders are from a family.

So, that means kings, queens, princes, and princesses.

Okay?

So, a monarchy was ruled by a family.

Yeah?

So, we have lots of stories of monarchies throughout history.

But today we don't have a lot.

Here's one example though of a modern monarchy.

Saudi Arabia has a monarchy.

The king is the head of the state and the head of the government.

Okay?

So, that means that family

or the leader of

that family is also the leader of the country.

Yeah?

This is a monarchy.

A monarchy.

Okay.

All right.

And then we'll continue to the third one here.

A very, very different system.

This one is oligarchy.

We see this one in the in the news a lot lately.

Oligarchy.

So, the emphasis goes here.

Ola ola oligarchy.

An oligarchy is a system in

which a small group of very high status

or very wealthy,

very very rich people control the decisions for a country.

So, these are people with super super high extreme amounts of wealth.

Like the some of the richest people in the world.

They get together and make a group in the country

and they make the decisions for the country.

It's important to note, these are often not like the official systems of government.

It's like sometimes there will seem to be a leader,

like a president for example,

but behind the scenes maybe there will be some very very powerful

and rich people that make the real decisions.

So, it's kind of tough to find an oligarchy

that says we are an oligarchy.

Usually there's some kind of system in place

that makes it look like a democracy,

for example.

So, let's look at an example of this.

An oligarchy is a group of people who make decisions for the country to

help themselves.

So, this is one of the issues with an oligarchy.

Often the very very wealthy people making these decisions don't make decisions for the

people.

They make decisions to help themselves, okay?

So, here we have oligarchy.

All right.

So, these are our first three government systems I want to talk about today.

Let's continue to the next two

and then we'll look at a couple of example sentences,

okay?

I'm going to check the chat quickly, too.

Omar, democracy, it can be plural.

Yeah, you So, to make democracy plural, you say democracies.

There are many democracies around the world, for example.

Inna wrote, UK as well has a monarchy.

Yes, absolutely.

There are many actually, I'll go back.

There are many monarchies today that aren't in charge of the government.

Like many countries have a king

or a queen or a prince

or a princess,

but they don't have government power.

They just have like a They're like a symbol for the country.

Yeah, like they maybe they participate in official ceremonies,

but they don't have government power.

So, we have quite a few of those around the world today.

They're like cultural figures.

But today we don't have so many monarchies that are actual government powers.

So, yes, you are correct.

Okay, continuing.

Okay, the next two.

Let's talk about these two.

These also appear in the news a lot lately.

We see the words dictatorship and authoritarianism.

What is the difference between these two?

Okay, so a dictatorship first,

this is a government system in

which one person or a very small group of people,

they hold complete power.

So, they can do anything, right?

So, usually the leader of a dictatorship is called a dictator.

So, you'll notice it's the same root there.

A dictatorship is the system, a dictator is the leader of that system.

You'll also notice here this word this dictate.

So, to dictate to someone means to tell them what to do, right?

Or to give orders to someone.

That's the feeling of a dictatorship, giving people orders.

And usually in a dictatorship it's one person with complete power

or it could be like a small group of people with complete power.

So, it's like they can do anything.

They don't have to worry about making

or following all the rules in the country.

Yeah.

So, we do have some examples of dictators and dictatorships in history.

Okay?

So, let's compare this then to authoritarianism.

Authoritarianism.

Here we have the root in here, maybe you can see it, authority, authority.

So, authority means like being in charge.

You are the person who has authority.

So, for example, in your workplace, the person with authority is your boss, right?

Your boss or your manager, the person above you, right?

The person above that is their boss, right?

That person has authority.

So, that means that they have the power to like watch over you,

watch over your team, to make decisions, uh and so on.

So, in authoritarianism, the government is in charge.

The government is looking over everything, of course.

But, authoritarianism is a government system in which there is strong central power.

There is reduced democracy, and there's reduced personal rights.

So, it's like there are many, many strict rules in an authoritarian society,

or people are watched very, very closely in an authoritarian society.

Okay?

So, an example sentence,

an authoritarian government system can have extremely strict rules for the people.

Okay?

In this sentence, I've used This is the adjective form.

The adjective form here.

So, an authoritarian government.

This is how we make this word authoritarianism, the noun, into an adjective,

authoritarian government.

Okay?

So, this is kind of Oh,

maybe you can't see the image very well right now.

But, this is kind of the uh the feeling of an authoritarian system.

There are strict rules that you must follow.

And an authoritarian uh system can be part of a dictatorship.

So, we can have, for example, a dictator in an authoritarian um system.

Often, those two go together.

All right?

Okay, let me take a look at the chat.

I don't see any questions, so let's continue to some review points,

and then we'll take a look at our next group of questions,

our next group of vocabulary words.

So, democracy, let's refresh our minds cuz this one is probably the most important

one here.

A democracy is the form of government recently changed from a monarchy to a

democracy,

yeah?

So, here is our keyword, democracy, and today we also learned monarchy.

Maybe you can remember what a monarchy is.

That's the one where a system of govern- it's a system of government ruled

by a family line,

the one with kings and queens and so on.

Okay, let's continue to the next example, authoritarianism.

Okay, in an authoritarian government,

citizens must follow extremely strict rules and may face extreme punishment.

So, again, we've talked about authoritarianism and authoritarian as the adjective form, okay?

So, we have two contrast, democracy, lots of people participating and voting, and authoritarianism,

strong rules, strict punishment if you do not follow the rules.

Okay, I don't see any questions,

so let's continue to the next the next one.

All right, the next group of words, we have equality.

Equality Equality is a noun, all right?

Equality suggests all people are equal.

That's the concept of equality.

So, that means differences in race, in religion, gender, class- oops,

I put gender twice, sorry.

Gender, class are not important, okay?

So, all people have the same rights.

Everyone is equal.

It doesn't matter uh it doesn't matter who you are,

everyone has the same rights.

So, equality, in the example sentence, is a good thing.

So, modern societies promote equality for their people, okay?

So, it's a good thing to have everybody have the same kinds of rights,

okay?

Equality.

All right, let's continue to the next one.

Maybe not quite the opposite, but a very negative word then,

but an important word to know, corruption.

Corruption.

So, corruption.

Corruption is a noun.

Corruption means dishonest behaviors and actions by people in power, such as government officials,

okay?

Dishonest behaviors.

So, for example, taking money inappropriately or making rules for certain people,

but not for yourself.

So, corruption, we see corruption in probably most governments around the world.

Corruption, unfortunately, is very common, okay?

Here's the example.

Unfortunately, many countries have serious corruption problems in their governments, yeah?

The people in power make decisions for themselves.

Before, same picture, we talked about oligarchy, right?

Oligarchy was the system that it refers to a number of very,

very wealthy people or high-status people making decisions and making decisions for themselves,

right?

So, that could be an example of corruption, making decisions only to help themselves.

Okay?

Let's continue to the last one here.

The last one, maybe uh the one that everybody can use easily,

maybe the most easy to use word from this lesson today, is to vote.

To vote, as a verb.

I have it as a verb here.

To vote means to make a personal choice for a leader,

for a government position.

So, that means you can write on your what's called a ballot

or the paper,

the voting the voting paper,

you can write or you can go online and select your choice for leader.

So, the verb for that is to vote, right?

The noun is also vote.

So, a vote is one selection, one person's selection.

So, we'll take a look at the example sentence here.

It's very important to vote in your country's election.

So, here we have as a verb, vote.

All right, good.

I don't see any questions.

Messias, is there a real democracy around the world?

Oh, that's a big question, right?

Some people say, yes, there are many, and other people say, definitely not, probably.

But, it's maybe that's a big question for people to ask,

what does a real democracy mean?

Right?

In theory, a real democracy means a government system where people choose the leader

by voting,

and people get to make decisions by voting.

So, in that sense, we could say there are probably some,

but it's a big question.

Okay, let's yeah, let's review.

Let's review some words now.

So, oh, good question.

Omar, what is the meaning of election?

Let's see, I'll put it here.

I'll put it here.

So, election, right here.

An election.

An election means the uh for example,

when your country is trying to choose a new leader,

and the time when everybody has to make the decision about who the leader

is.

It depends on your country.

If your country has a democracy,

an election means the time when you get to vote.

You get to choose.

It's that time period, usually depending on the country, it could be one day,

it could be one week.

That's the time period where you get to vote.

That's an election, right?

And so, the result of the election chooses the new leader.

So, the election is the process of choosing the new leader.

I hope that helps you.

Okay?

All right.

Um Patrick, unfortunately, corruption is something cultural to Brazilian politics.

Oh, that's difficult.

Yeah, I think there's a lot of examples of corruption in many different ways

in many different countries all around the world.

Every country has kind of unique issues, I think.

Okay, so let's review equality.

This one's an important one.

Equality.

A new education plan aims to improve equality between students in urban

and rural areas.

Okay, so here we have our keyword equality.

What does this mean?

A new education plan aims to improve aims to improve.

This means the goal the goal of the new education plan is to improve

equality.

Aims to improve.

Then we have these words urban and rural areas.

We often see these words in like kind of polite conversation, government conversations,

policy conversations.

Urban usually refers to city.

Yeah, city areas and rural typically refers to countryside areas or outside the city.

Yeah, so city and country areas or rural sorry country sorry.

So often refers to city and more countryside or outside the city areas.

So this sentence means there's a new education plan

and the idea of the plan is to improve equality.

So having the same rights for everybody for students in the city

and in the country areas.

Nice.

Nice.

Okay.

All right, St.

Pierre can anyone vote in different countries?

To the best of my knowledge, I do not think so.

I think you can only vote in your country.

I don't know.

Maybe if you have depending on the country,

maybe if you have what's called dual citizenship, but I don't know.

It depends on the rules of that country.

Okay.

Penspa on Facebook wrote rural like suburbs.

Rural tends to mean a little more outside of town.

It sounds like Uh, are not many houses.

I think usually we would say this it depends a little bit.

But I for me I would say rural uh, doesn't include suburbs.

I would say uh, the suburbs are still urban.

You're still close to the city.

Rural areas is more like for example farmland

or in places where there's not a big city,

right?

Maybe there's a very very small town only.

That might be rural communities.

Okay?

All right.

Let's continue to uh, what did I say was next?

Corruption.

Let's review this keyword, too.

Corruption.

Here's our next example sentence.

An investigation into political corruption has led to several arrests.

Oh my.

So maybe you have seen this in the news in your country.

So here is our keyword here, corruption.

An investigation.

That means the officials checked the corruption status in the country and the results.

So it has led to several.

So several means many.

Arrests.

Arrests.

So that means people in handcuffs going to jail.

The police put handcuffs on them.

Okay.

Let's continue to the next group.

What did I put next?

Ah, yes.

Let's differentiate these two.

Okay.

The next pair.

I want to talk about these

as a pair because even native speakers have this question.

The pair is policy and law.

What is the difference between policy and law?

So policy means like the goals and the activities of a government, right?

So uh, they're also the guidelines for rules in governments and organizations.

So it can be also organizations.

Oh, shoot.

How do I How do I fix that?

Am I going to delete everything on this?

Okay, there we go.

So >> >> sorry everybody.

So this part.

Organizations.

This can also mean a company.

So your company probably has many policies and your school probably has many policies,

right?

So that means the goals

and the activities of the government

or your school or your workplace.

So for example, government employees must follow the professional dress code policy.

Policy.

So it's like saying we have a guideline for this specific activity.

In this case, dress code.

The dress code is the activity

or the dress code is the the thing we must have rules about.

So they have a specific dress code policy.

So in your work there might be a clock in like

when you start work,

what should do?

What's the policy, right?

What's the rule, right?

It's not a law

because you will not be arrested

if you don't do it,

but it's a policy.

You can think of policy

as connected to rules in your school

or in your office,

yeah?

But they are rules and policies are not the same as laws.

So let's compare these, okay?

So law means the official rules of a country, city, or state.

Those are the official ones.

If you break the law, so that means you do something against the law,

you can be in trouble.

So for example, you can get arrested, you can pay a fine maybe,

maybe you have to go to jail for something or maybe there other punishments.

So a law is an official rule in your country.

A policy is just is a guideline for your actions in an organization.

So they are a little different, yeah?

So this policies talk about the goals of something.

Okay?

Um all right, Maryanne on Facebook has a great example.

She wrote attendance policy at work.

Exactly.

So maybe you have a remote work policy

or an in-office work policy at your job.

Or, like Marion wrote, attendance policy.

What is the attendance policy?

What is the policy of the core working hours of your company?

These are guidelines that the company gives you to help you understand uh how

to act in your company.

Okay?

Um Patrick wrote, "Teacher, police and policy are different.

Are do Do they say Oh, the They sound Yeah, they sound different.

Police policy.

Police So, the eace police and policy do, in fact, have different pronunciations.

Okay.

Let's finish on this section with a pair, a different pair.

We're going to talk now about citizenship and citizen.

These two are very closely related.

Citizenship and citizen.

Citizenship is the status of being a citizen in a country

or of a country.

So, what's a citizen?

A citizen A citizen is a person who belongs to a country.

So, if you have a passport, you are a citizen of that country.

Yeah?

So, I have an American passport.

I am an American citizen.

So, that means that I belong to

that country or I have citizenship in the USA in my case.

I have citizenship.

So, we use to have citizenship for this status to talk about our status.

And we say, "I am a citizen.

I am a citizen."

So, citizenship is the concept, the idea, right?

So, if you want to try to make an example sentence, you can say,

"I have citizenship in your country."

And you can say, "I am a citizen of your country."

Okay?

We'll practice this a little later.

I have a a sentence pattern for you to follow.

Okay?

Last example here for this page,

I passed the test and received my certificate of citizenship last month.

All right.

Pass my test and receive my certificate of citizenship next month.

So, in many countries you can change your citizenship by preparing

and passing things such

as tests.

Okay?

All right, let's continue to some review points then.

Let's review with a new example for policy.

So, the government introduced a new climate policy to reduce air pollution in major

cities.

So, here we have policy.

And what is the policy about?

Climate.

The climate.

So, a global climate change, right?

And we want to reduce.

So, reduce means to decrease air pollution.

Air pollution.

So, that means dirty, bad, unhealthy air, right?

In major cities.

Okay.

Then, let's continue cuz time's going out quickly.

Citizenship.

Citizenship.

Our last example here.

Thousands of immigrants applied for citizenship after the new law was approved.

Okay.

So, applied to become a citizen of

that country after the new law was approved.

Okay.

All right.

"Amara, I have citizenship."

That means I am a citizen.

Yes, that is correct.

That is correct.

Okay.

All right, let's continue.

I think uh this is going to be Oh,

maybe I have two more groups of vocabulary words to discuss.

Let's talk about this.

This one's It's a lot It looks like a lot,

but it's very easy because I'm going to draw something on the board.

Tada.

To help us.

We're going to draw the political spectrum.

Beautiful.

Okay.

So, let's talk about these words

that are very commonly used in the news to talk about governments.

So, first we have left-wing, then we have centrist,

and then we have right-wing.

Okay.

So, all of these words connect to what's called the political spectrum.

So, I drew This is Don't worry about this shape.

We're going to think about this

as a a kind of way to understand views.

So, let's start over here on the left side.

So, left-wing, we can use this as a noun and as an adjective.

A left-wing is a person whose beliefs tend to be on the progressive

or on the left side of the political spectrum,

okay?

So, people on this side of the political spectrum, for example,

they have very like kind of forward-thinking beliefs.

They want to move to the next idea.

So, for example, uh people like in the USA today,

we have many people on the left side who believe

that we should be very very concerned

and we should take action against climate change.

Or they believe that there should be lots and lots of gun control.

We should not have guns.

Or that um people of the same gender can get married and so on.

So, those ideas are on the left wing of the political spectrum.

So, we call people with those beliefs left-wing.

Left-wing.

So, on the left side of the center, okay?

So, people with very very very far left ideas are the ones

that have the very extreme viewpoints.

So, here's an example.

Almost all my friends are left-wing and we have interesting discussions.

So, we can use left-wing to talk about someone's character, right?

So, that's their political beliefs.

It's an easy way to describe someone's general political ideas, okay?

All right.

Left-wing, yes, control desk writes.

Higher taxes for the wealthy is another example of a left-wing idea, right?

There are many many left-wing and right-wing ideas.

I won't cover all of them today, but just to give you an idea,

okay?

All right.

So, let's compare this then to a centrist.

A person who is a centrist So,

maybe you can see here centrist has center in the middle, right?

The center of the political spectrum.

So, this is a person whose beliefs tend to be neither on the left

side or on the right side,

but somewhere kind of in the middle, okay?

So, that they don't have really strong beliefs here or there.

So, they they're in this area.

This is where a centrist is, okay?

So, you can think about your position while I write this.

Let's look at the example.

I'm left wing on social topics and right wing on economic topics.

Maybe I'm a centrist, okay?

So, maybe that's a way you can understand your ideas.

For some topics, you're left, some topics, you're right.

So, maybe that means you're here, right?

Okay, let's continue to right wing, the other side of the political spectrum.

To be right wing.

Okay, this means it's a person whose beliefs tend to be on the traditional

or the conservative or the right side of the political spectrum,

okay?

So, this is like the opposite of the left wing side.

So, you often see people

that want to keep things the way they are

or they want to try things

or do things that are kind of more traditional here.

So, like I talked about with the left wing,

uh this people on the right wing maybe, at least in the USA,

they want things like, yeah, control this, they want lower taxes.

They want the uh the business world to just operate by itself,

no government in the business.

They uh they want uh in the USA, people to have access to guns.

They do not support uh marriages between people of the same gender,

uh and so on.

So, the right wing tends to have more traditional beliefs and traditional values, yeah?

So, this section, this part over here is usually considered

as the right or the right wing.

So, wing, think about like the wings of a bird.

That's kind of the shape here, right?

Wing can also be used to mean like halls in in a building.

So, the right wing or the left wing kind of separates shows Sorry,

shows that the two are very different, yeah?

So, we have right wing, left wing,

and centrist to talk about the different political beliefs.

Okay?

Let me check the chat.

Uh I don't see you anything any questions about this.

Okay.

Let's continue cuz oh my gosh, I'm very late.

So, let's go to the last two words

and then we'll do a quick recap.

Phew.

We have a lot to cover.

Today, let's finish.

Our last words are campaign and public services.

We can use campaign as a noun and a verb.

So, a campaign is a plan of action for a person to achieve a

goal,

especially to win an election for a government position.

Somebody asked earlier, "What is an election?"

The election is when you decide on the leader,

when you vote for your leader.

The campaign is the time before that.

The candidate Excuse me, the candidate tries to convince people, "Please vote for me."

That's the campaign time, before the election.

So, let's look at the example.

Some candidates use attack ads on TV in their campaigns, all right?

This is common in the USA.

Maybe it's not common in your country.

Okay.

Let's continue to the last one then.

Oh, Wafa Dua wrote, "What is beliefs tend to?"

Ah, so I put uh this part.

Their person whose beliefs tend to That means uh in many cases,

they usually believe that thing.

Something tends to means it's typical or usually is that way.

Okay?

I hope that that helps you.

Okay.

Last one cuz time's going quick.

Public services.

Hooray!

We love public services.

Public services.

For example, services like transportation, employment assistance,

like employment help if you lose your job, right?

And health care that the people in the country can use.

We call these public services.

So, an example, our country really needs to invest more money in public services,

like the train.

Yeah?

All right, all of these very important.

Okay.

So, let's continue past these last examples.

I want to do a short quiz with you

and I don't have a lot of time.

So, I'll come back to this later.

But, if you missed it earlier,

But to you has a free PDF ebook for you.

So, let's take a look at some practice questions then.

So, you can review at the end of our lesson today.

Do you remember?

What is a system where people choose their leaders by voting?

And if you already know the answer, you can come up with another example.

What is the government system in your country?

Okay?

So, is it a democracy?

Is it authoritarianism?

Is it policy?

Is it campaign?

What do you think?

All right?

So, if you finished that, you can send me an example.

Or, if you're watching this later, you can put an example in the comments.

So, what is the government system in your country?

If you had to choose from today's information,

what is the government system in your country?

All right, I see some people sending the answers and quickly,

Yuj Rav and Black Eagle have got it.

It is democracy.

A democracy is a system where people choose their leaders by voting.

Yeah?

Campaign Campaign is Oops, campaign if we go back Oh my gosh.

Campaign is the plan of action to achieve the goal, to become the leader.

So, a little bit different.

A campaign is what we do to try to win an election.

Yeah, so it's a bit different from a democracy.

Okay, let's continue cuz time is running out.

What word means a person who belongs to a country?

So, which of these words?

The person who belongs to a country.

Equality, monarchy, citizen, corruption.

Mm.

And if you finish that,

you can tell me what country do you belong to.

Here's my hint pattern.

I am a blank of country.

You can send your example in the chat.

Okay, and some people are sending examples in the chat.

Victor wrote, "Left wing and right wings were born in the French Revolution."

That is correct.

I did Yes, I did some research on that not too long ago.

Uh citizen, everybody has it.

Very nice job.

Citizen is the correct answer there.

Uh let's continue because I have no time left.

Last one.

Okay.

So, which one of these refers to things like health care, employment support,

and transportation for a country's people?

Policy, public services, vote, or oligarchy?

Mm.

Mm.

And if you finish that,

what do you think is the best support service for people to use in

your country?

This will be our last question for the day.

Phew.

Oh my gosh, we did it.

Almost there.

Yeah, first All right, Minnow and Natalie are the first ones that have it.

Public services.

Great job, YouTube.

All right, I see Facebook is also getting the examples right.

Marion and Messias wrote citizen for the last example, too.

I think maybe there's a lag between Facebook and YouTube.

I don't know.

But great job.

And Omar wrote, "I am a citizen of Egypt."

Good.

Good example.

Okay.

Black Eagle wrote, "The bus is an excellent public service."

Fantastic.

Okay, we made it.

Oh my gosh, we made it.

So, we practiced all of these words.

Isn't that awesome?

Isn't that amazing?

We got through it all.

Hooray!

So, I hope this lesson was helpful to understand some key vocabulary words for

understanding government.

I have to leave because I talked a lot as usual.

So, don't forget to download your free PDF ebook from the link below the

video YouTube or above the video Facebook.

It is free at englishclass101.com.

Go crazy.

Here is a quick homework assignment

if you want to practice in the comments later.

And next week uh the lovely Daphne will be with you.

I will be away next week.

So, please enjoy your lesson with her.

I have to finish now for real for real.

So, thanks very much for joining me live this week.

Have a great lesson with Daphne next week and have a great week.

Have a great weekend.

I'll see you again in 2 weeks.

Bye.

Hi everybody and welcome back to our weekly live stream.

My name is Alicia and in this week's live lesson,

we're going to talk about some questions you need to know

when you meet someone for the first time.

Today, we're going to talk about questions you can ask somebody

and we're going to talk about questions you should be prepared to answer smoothly.

We're going to talk about some different small variations,

some different changes you can make to the questions and to your answers.

We're going to look at a sample dialogue for today

and we'll even do a very very very small quiz

so you can practice,

too.

So, as you join,

please make sure to hit the like button and of course,

share this video so other people can find today's lesson

and practice these small

but very important key phrases for the first time you meet someone.

So, as you join, leave something in the chat,

say hello and I'll come to check it in just a second.

But, very importantly, I want to mention this banner at the bottom of the

screen,