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0:24 >> Okay, recording's on.
0:26 >> Hello everyone.
0:28 Welcome back to the pass.
0:29 I'm at the farmers market in Baltimore.
0:32 It's loud, it's busy, and it's very hot today.
0:38 Today, I'm buying food.
0:39 I need ingredients for my new restaurant in DC.
0:43 I want to find special local vegetables and >> Oh, no.
0:50 Not her.
0:51 >> Brian.
0:52 Brian.
0:53 >> Hi, Mom.
0:54 What are you doing here?
0:56 >> What do you mean?
0:57 I'm shopping.
0:58 I have to cook dinner for many people tonight.
1:01 And put away your phone.
1:03 You look like a tourist.
1:06 >> I'm not a tourist, Mom.
1:09 I'm working.
1:09 I'm making a video for my restaurant.
1:11 People want to see the food.
1:13 >> See the food?
1:15 You're standing in the way.
1:16 Move, please.
1:18 Look at these peppers.
1:20 These are good.
1:22 Very hard and fresh.
1:24 Those, Mom.
1:26 Those are normal peppers.
1:27 Come here.
1:28 Look at these ones.
1:30 They are twisted.
1:31 They look funny.
1:32 That's character.
1:35 >> Character.
1:35 I don't want funny peppers, Brian.
1:38 I want to cut them easily.
1:41 You young chefs, you like ugly vegetables.
1:44 >> It's not ugly, Mom.
1:46 It's farm to table.
1:48 >> Oh, please.
1:50 Farm to table.
1:51 All food comes from a farm.
1:53 Where else does it come from?
1:55 >> It means knowing the farmer.
1:58 It's personal.
1:59 >> I know the farmer.
2:00 That's Earl.
2:01 He is right there.
2:03 Hi, Earl.
2:05 See, he waved at me.
2:07 I've been buying vegetables from Earl for 20 years.
2:10 We don't talk about farmtot.
2:13 We just call it cooking.
2:17 >> But people want a story, Mom.
2:19 Like look at these tomatoes.
2:21 The purple ones.
2:23 Look at the color.
2:24 I'm going to serve them raw.
2:26 Just the tomato and some salt.
2:29 >> They are too soft.
2:30 Brian, feel this.
2:32 It'll be mushy later.
2:34 I need these red tomatoes.
2:35 They're strong.
2:36 They make good sauce.
2:38 >> The red ones are boring.
2:40 They have no flavor.
2:42 >> They're cheap and they don't break.
2:44 You charge $20 for a tomato salad.
2:47 My customers want a big hot stew.
2:51 Not a science lesson.
2:53 >> It's not science.
2:54 It's respect.
2:55 I'm teaching my young staff.
2:57 Flavor starts in the dirt.
3:00 >> You're teaching them to be difficult.
3:02 A real chef can take a normal vegetable and make it taste good.
3:06 If you need the perfect tomato, maybe you can't cook.
3:11 >> Ouch.
3:13 Okay, that hurts.
3:16 Let's change the subject.
3:18 Let's talk about the greens.
3:20 >> Good.
3:21 I need collarded greens and kale.
3:23 >> I see the kale.
3:25 I want to use this dark kale.
3:27 I'll put lemon oil on it.
3:29 I'll serve it raw.
3:31 >> Raw.
3:32 Kale is very hard, Brian.
3:34 You need to cook it.
3:35 You need heat.
3:36 You need time.
3:38 Cook it with some ham.
3:40 >> See, that's the old style.
3:43 Cook it until it's gray.
3:45 >> Excuse me?
3:46 Not gray.
3:47 Soft.
3:48 It's delicious.
3:49 And the juice at the bottom.
3:51 That's the best part.
3:53 >> It tastes good.
3:54 Yes.
3:55 But it's heavy.
3:56 My friends and I, we want the crunch.
3:59 We want bright colors.
4:00 I'll cook this in the pan for 30 seconds.
4:03 Done.
4:04 >> And then your customers chew on one leaf for 10 minutes.
4:09 Look, I understand.
4:10 You want it to look pretty for the photo.
4:13 >> It's not just for the photo, Mom.
4:15 It's about the >> the soul.
4:19 The soul of the food is to make people full.
4:23 You make everything difficult, son.
4:25 Just like your mother.
4:27 >> Huh?
4:28 You got your helmet?
4:29 Did you ride your bike here?
4:31 >> Of course.
4:32 Parking is terrible and I need the exercise.
4:36 Talking to people all day makes me tired.
4:40 You make me tired, too.
4:42 >> I'm helping.
4:43 I'm teaching.
4:45 Look at this root.
4:46 Celery root.
4:48 >> Ugly thing.
4:49 It tastes okay if you mash it like potatoes.
4:52 >> Mash it?
4:53 No.
4:54 No.
4:54 I'll bake it with salt.
4:56 Then I'll cut it very thin.
4:58 It's for a vegetable plate.
5:00 >> A vegetable plate?
5:02 Just say salad.
5:05 Brian, >> it's marketing.
5:06 Mom, you have to sell the idea.
5:09 I sell the steak.
5:11 >> Speaking of steak, are you coming to the meat stand?
5:15 >> Yeah, I need to ask them about the beef.
5:18 >> Make sure it's fresh.
5:19 I need 5 lbs of beef for meatloaf.
5:24 >> Meatloaf?
5:24 Mom, it's July.
5:26 It's very hot.
5:28 >> People are hungry in July, too, Brian.
5:31 Not everyone wants foam.
5:34 >> It's not foam.
5:35 It's sauce.
5:37 Okay.
5:38 Question.
5:38 For your meatloaf, how do you make it?
5:41 >> I use meat with fat.
5:43 If there's no fat, it's dry.
5:46 And I use old bread with milk.
5:49 >> Bread and milk.
5:50 See, you use a French technique.
5:53 >> I use my grandmother's technique.
5:57 >> That's the same thing.
5:59 That's what I'm saying.
6:00 Farmtot is just grandma's cooking.
6:04 Then why is your food so expensive?
6:07 >> Because it costs money to do it the right way.
6:10 Earl needs money.
6:12 >> I pay Earl in cash.
6:14 I don't need a website to buy carrots.
6:18 >> You're impossible.
6:19 Typical Virgo.
6:21 Everything must be your way.
6:24 >> And you're a Leo.
6:26 All show.
6:27 Look at me.
6:28 Look at my purple carrot.
6:30 >> It's a beautiful carrot.
6:32 It tastes like a carrot.
6:34 Come on, let's get some peaches.
6:38 >> Okay, peaches are good.
6:39 Smell that?
6:40 They smell like flowers.
6:42 That smells like summer.
6:44 >> Yes.
6:45 Now, are you going to make foam with these?
6:48 Or can we make a pie?
6:50 >> I want to grill them.
6:52 Grilled peaches with cheese.
6:54 >> That sounds good.
6:56 Salty and sweet.
6:58 >> Wait, did you just say you like my idea?
7:01 Don't get excited.
7:02 It's just cheese and fruit.
7:04 It's easy.
7:06 >> I'll take it.
7:07 Hey, are you cooking for dad tomorrow?
7:10 >> Yes.
7:10 Sunday dinner.
7:12 Are you coming or are you too busy?
7:15 >> I'm never too busy for free food.
7:17 What are we eating?
7:18 >> Well, I have the meatloaf, but I saw some nice fish.
7:23 >> Local fish.
7:24 That's good for the ocean.
7:26 >> I just like the taste.
7:27 Brian, >> can I come early?
7:30 I'll cook the fish, you cook the vegetables.
7:32 >> Don't bring your tweezers into my kitchen.
7:35 >> No tweezers.
7:36 I promise.
7:38 Just a pan and fire.
7:39 I want to make the skin crispy.
7:42 >> If you burn the skin, I'll order pizza.
7:45 >> Deal.
7:46 But let me buy the tomatoes.
7:48 The ugly ones.
7:50 >> Why?
7:50 >> Because I want to make tomato juice for the fish.
7:53 We squeeze the ugly tomatoes.
7:55 The clear juice is delicious.
7:57 >> Tomato juice.
7:59 So, you're paying money for juice?
8:02 >> It's flavor, Mom.
8:03 It's the soul of the tomato.
8:06 >> You know what?
8:07 Fine.
8:07 You make your juice.
8:10 I'll make corn pudding.
8:12 >> Corn pudding and fish.
8:14 That's a good dinner.
8:16 >> See, I know how to cook.
8:18 >> I know you do.
8:19 You taught me.
8:21 Even if you're stubborn, >> I'm not stubborn.
8:25 I'm consistent.
8:27 There is a difference.
8:29 Okay, consistent.
8:31 Wait, look at the mushrooms.
8:33 >> Brian, let's go.
8:35 >> No, look.
8:37 These mushrooms are amazing.
8:39 They're good for the planet.
8:40 >> I cook mushrooms all the time.
8:42 They taste like dirt in a good way.
8:46 >> I want to make them into a powder
8:47 and put the powder on the fish.
8:50 >> Powder?
8:51 You want to feed your father dust?
8:54 >> It's a spice.
8:55 It makes it taste better.
8:57 Salt and pepper make it taste better.
8:59 Why do you make it complicated?
9:01 >> Because simple is boring.
9:03 I need to do something new.
9:05 My friends want something new.
9:07 If I give them a grilled mushroom, they don't care.
9:10 If I give them mushroom powder, they say, "Wow."
9:14 >> And that's the problem.
9:16 You cook for the eyes.
9:18 When people come to my shop, they eat.
9:21 They wipe their mouth and say, "Wow, that was good."
9:25 That's the only review I care about.
9:28 >> Okay, fair point.
9:30 But can we do both?
9:32 Can it be beautiful and tasty?
9:35 >> Only if you respect the food first.
9:38 >> I know you're the chef, the boss.
9:42 >> That's right.
9:43 Now, buy the mushrooms.
9:45 Whole, not powder.
9:48 >> Fine.
9:49 Whole mushrooms cooked with butter.
9:53 >> With butter and a little thyme.
9:55 Okay, that sounds good.
9:57 >> Now, help me carry these bags or I'll hit you with this zucchini.
10:01 >> Violence is not the answer.
10:04 >> In the kitchen, sometimes it's the only answer.
10:08 >> You're scary, Mom.
10:10 >> I raised you, didn't I?
10:12 >> That was a hard job.
10:13 >> You were a picky eater.
10:15 I don't like peas.
10:17 They're mushy.
10:18 >> Because they were from a can.
10:20 Fresh peas are good.
10:23 Oh no, the peas again.
10:26 >> Well, I'm okay now.
10:28 I have my own restaurants.
10:30 >> I'm proud of you, Brian.
10:32 Even with your weird hair.
10:34 >> It's cool hair.
10:36 >> It looks like you forgot to finish cutting it.
10:39 >> Okay.
10:39 Okay.
10:40 Let's go home.
10:42 The ice is melting.
10:43 >> Turn off the recording.
10:45 >> Got it.
10:46 Signing off.
10:47 We're making What do we call it?
10:50 We call it dinner.
10:52 >> Heritage Modern Fusion dinner.
10:55 >> Just pick up the bag, Brian.
10:58 >> All right.
10:58 All right.
11:03 Later the next day, the kitchen was crazy.
11:06 Mom used her old heavy pans.
11:09 I used my new sharp tools.
11:12 We're very different.
11:13 For her, food is love.
11:16 For me, it's art.
11:18 But when the fish was ready, sitting next to her corn pudding, it worked.
11:24 It was delicious.
11:26 We didn't talk.
11:28 We just ate.
11:29 Sometimes a good dinner fixes everything.
11:33 And she said the tomato juice wasn't terrible.
11:37 I'm happy with that.
11:39 Join us next week.
11:40 I'll try to teach her about fermentation.
11:43 Spoiler alert.
11:44 She thinks it's just rotting food.
11:47 Brian, are the dirty dishes in the sink?
11:50 >> I'm letting them soak.
11:52 >> Get in here and wash them.
12:20 Wow, it's certainly quiet in here.
12:22 It's like a different world from the street outside.
12:25 >> That's the first thing I noticed when I bought the place.
12:28 Welcome to the Triple Almond Building, Margaret.
12:30 I'm glad you found it.
12:31 Okay, >> it wasn't too hard.
12:33 The map on my smartphone was very accurate.
12:36 Nice to finally meet you in person, Robert.
12:39 >> Great to meet you, too.
12:40 Please call me Rob.
12:42 Did you drive here?
12:43 >> No, I took the metro.
12:45 I'm still learning the city.
12:46 I'm from New Jersey originally,
12:48 so the layout of DC is a little confusing for me right now.
12:52 >> Don't worry, you'll get used to it.
12:54 I'm from Chicago, so I missed the grid system for a long time.
12:58 But DC has a great charm.
13:00 Shall we go up?
13:01 I'm on the top floor.
13:03 >> The penthouse?
13:04 >> Well, technically, yes,
13:06 but it's just a really nice apartment with a great view. after you.
13:15 This elevator is actually high speed.
13:17 It's the fastest in the district.
13:20 >> Oh, I hope my ears don't pop.
13:22 >> It's very smooth.
13:23 You won't feel a thing.
13:25 So, Margaret, you mentioned you're a nurse.
13:28 >> That's right.
13:29 I'm with the university hospital.
13:31 I'm doing an international exchange program right now.
13:33 It's a lot of work, but I love it.
13:36 >> That sounds intense.
13:38 My schedule is pretty crazy, too, but in a different way.
13:41 I work in digital finance, blockchain technology.
13:45 >> Oh, like that digital money people talk about on the news.
13:48 >> Exactly.
13:49 It never sleeps, so neither do I.
13:52 That's why I made sure this apartment is perfect for relaxing
13:55 when I actually do get a break.
13:57 Here we are.
13:58 Unit 12A.
14:01 Everything is keyless.
14:03 You just use a code or an app on your phone.
14:06 >> That's convenient.
14:07 No more losing keys at the bottom of my bag.
14:10 >> Exactly.
14:11 Come on in.
14:16 >> Welcome to your potential new home.
14:20 >> Oh my goodness, Robert.
14:22 This is spacious.
14:25 >> It is, isn't it?
14:26 It's an open concept design.
14:28 I wanted the living room, the dining area, and the workspace to flow together.
14:32 >> And the light.
14:34 Look at those windows.
14:35 Floor to ceiling glass.
14:37 You get the sunrise in the morning.
14:39 Watch this.
14:41 House privacy mode off.
14:45 >> You can talk to the curtains.
14:47 >> You can talk to almost everything in here.
14:50 The lights, the temperature, the music.
14:52 It's a fully integrated smart home.
14:54 It fits my lifestyle.
14:56 I like things efficient.
14:58 >> It's beautiful.
14:59 But can I ask a practical question?
15:02 >> Of course.
15:02 Ask anything.
15:04 Does it get hot with all this glass?
15:06 >> That's a good question.
15:08 The glass is treated to block UV rays.
15:11 Plus, the central air conditioning is very powerful.
15:13 It stays cool.
15:15 >> That's good.
15:16 I work long shifts, sometimes at night.
15:18 When I come home, I just want to be comfortable.
15:21 >> I totally understand.
15:22 Comfort is key.
15:24 That's actually why I'm leasing the place.
15:26 I'm looking at buying a tennis club nearby,
15:29 and I might travel more for my investments.
15:31 I want someone responsible to enjoy this space while I'm gone.
15:35 >> A tennis club.
15:36 Do you play?
15:37 >> I try to.
15:38 I'm still learning.
15:40 Do you play sports?
15:41 >> Not really.
15:42 My job keeps me on my feet all day, but I do like handcrafting,
15:46 knitting, sewing, that sort of thing.
15:48 It helps me relax.
15:50 >> That's cool.
15:51 You need good lighting for that, right?
15:53 Well, you have plenty here.
15:54 Let me show you the kitchen.
15:59 Here it is.
16:00 The chef station.
16:02 >> Oh, it's very modern, >> isn't it?
16:06 Italian marble countertops, induction stove, and look at this fridge.
16:11 It's hidden behind this panel.
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16:30 it's gone.
16:32 >> It blends right into the wall.
16:35 >> Exactly.
16:36 Minimalist design.
16:37 Keeps everything looking clean.
16:39 >> It's very sleek, Rob.
16:41 But where are the cabinets?
16:44 >> The cabinets?
16:44 They are right here.
16:46 You just push to open.
16:50 >> I see.
16:51 They are a bit shallow, aren't they?
16:54 Well, they are designed for the essentials.
16:56 I usually order food delivery or eat out to be honest.
16:59 I don't do a lot of heavy cooking.
17:02 >> Ah, that might be a challenge for me.
17:04 I cook almost every day.
17:06 It's healthier and like I said, I like making things with my hands.
17:10 I have a lot of pots, pans, and baking supplies.
17:14 >> H I see.
17:16 You could store the larger items in the pantry closet near the entrance.
17:20 It's quite big.
17:22 >> Maybe.
17:23 I'd have to walk back and forth, but this counter space is lovely.
17:27 I could definitely spread out my ingredients here.
17:30 >> And it's stain resistant, so if you spill tomato sauce, no problem.
17:35 >> That's a very important feature for a nurse.
17:38 We appreciate cleanliness.
17:40 What is this machine here?
17:42 >> That's the crown jewel, the espresso machine.
17:45 It's connected to the Wi-Fi.
17:47 You can order it to brew a cappuccino while you are still in bed.
17:51 Okay, now you are speaking my language.
17:54 Coffee is essential for my shifts.
17:56 >> I'll leave the machine here for you.
17:58 It's part of the lease.
18:00 >> That's a big plus.
18:02 Okay.
18:02 The kitchen is small, but the coffee machine helps.
18:05 What about the noise?
18:07 We are right in the city center.
18:09 Let's go to the bedroom.
18:10 I'll show you.
18:15 This is the master suite.
18:17 King-sized bed, memory foam mattress, and notice the silence.
18:22 >> It's very quiet in here.
18:24 >> Triple pained glass, soundproof walls.
18:27 I need total focus when I'm reading my comic books or trading at night,
18:31 so soundproofing was a priority.
18:33 >> You read comic books?
18:36 >> Yeah, it's my guilty pleasure.
18:38 I have a huge collection in the study.
18:40 I'm actually moving them to storage,
18:42 so you'll have that room for whatever you want.
18:44 >> A spare room?
18:45 That's fantastic.
18:46 I could turn that into my craft room.
18:49 >> Exactly.
18:49 A sewing room.
18:50 It has great shelves.
18:52 >> And the closet space here in the bedroom.
18:55 >> Walk-in closet right through there.
18:59 >> Oh, wow.
19:00 This is bigger than my first apartment in New Jersey.
19:04 >> I told you it's all about the lifestyle.
19:06 You can fit a lot of uniforms in here.
19:09 >> And regular clothes, too.
19:11 I do have a life outside the hospital.
19:14 >> Of course.
19:15 Speaking of outside, let's talk about the neighborhood.
19:18 Do you know this area?
19:18 Well, >> not really.
19:20 I know the hospital is about 3 m away.
19:24 >> Right.
19:24 So, for your commute, you have a few options.
19:27 The metro station is just two blocks over.
19:29 It's a straight shot to the medical center.
19:32 >> That's convenient.
19:33 What about safety?
19:34 If I come home late, >> this area is very safe.
19:38 There's 24-hour security in the building lobby, and the street is well lit.
19:42 There are always people around because of the restaurants.
19:45 >> Are there grocery stores nearby since I plan to cook?
19:48 >> There is a large organic market on the corner.
19:51 It's a bit pricey, but the quality is amazing.
19:54 And there is a regular supermarket about a 10-minute walk away.
19:58 >> That's manageable.
19:59 I like walking.
20:01 >> There is also a great park nearby,
20:03 perfect for jogging or just sitting on a bench.
20:05 And if you like tennis, >> I think I'll leave the tennis to you, Rob,
20:11 but a park sounds nice.
20:13 >> So, what do you think so far?
20:15 I know the kitchen is a bit minimalist for a baker.
20:19 >> The kitchen is the only worry,
20:21 but the light in the living room
20:22 and that walk-in closet
20:24 and the quiet bedroom,
20:26 it balances out.
20:27 >> I really think you'd like the smart features, too.
20:30 It makes life so much easier.
20:32 >> I am willing to try.
20:34 I'm not very techsavvy, but I can learn.
20:37 >> I can leave you a manual or just show you.
20:40 It's really intuitive.
20:42 >> Okay, let's talk about the lease details.
20:44 You mentioned it comes furnished.
20:48 >> Yes, fully furnished.
20:48 The sofa, the bed, the dining table, the TVs, everything you see stays.
20:54 I'm only taking my personal items, my computer, and my comic books.
20:58 >> That's helpful.
20:59 Moving furniture is a nightmare.
21:02 >> Tell me about it.
21:03 What about utilities?
21:04 Are they included in the rent?
21:06 >> The water and highspeed internet are included.
21:09 You would just need to pay for the electricity.
21:11 Since everything is energy efficient, the bill is usually quite low.
21:16 >> That sounds reasonable.
21:17 And the duration of the lease?
21:19 >> I'm looking for a 12-month lease.
21:21 I want some stability
21:22 while I focus on my new business investments. >> 12 months works for me.
21:27 That matches my exchange program duration perfectly.
21:30 >> That's great.
21:31 It feels like destiny.
21:33 >> Let's not jump ahead too fast.
21:35 I still need to check my budget.
21:37 The rent you listed online is well,
21:40 it's at the very top of my price range.
21:42 >> I understand.
21:43 It's a premium building, but remember,
21:46 you're saving money on a gym membership because the building has a gym.
21:50 And you save on internet.
21:52 >> That's true.
21:53 And the commute is cheap.
21:55 >> Look, why don't we sit down on the balcony?
21:57 I can get us some water
21:58 or an espresso and we can look at the numbers together.
22:02 >> You really want to show off that coffee machine, don't you?
22:06 >> I really do.
22:07 It makes the best foam.
22:09 >> Okay, one coffee and we can talk about the deposit.
22:16 >> Have a seat.
22:16 The view is even better from here.
22:19 >> You were right.
22:20 You can see the whole city.
22:22 >> It's inspiring, isn't it?
22:24 It makes you feel like anything is possible.
22:27 >> It makes me feel small, but in a good way.
22:32 >> So, Margaret, be honest.
22:35 Can you see yourself living here?
22:37 >> I can.
22:38 I'd have to get creative with my cooking supplies.
22:41 Maybe buy some rolling carts for the kitchen.
22:44 >> That's a great idea.
22:45 A rolling island.
22:47 >> Exactly.
22:48 But the location is perfect for the hospital,
22:51 and I really need a quiet place to sleep.
22:54 Then I think we can make this work.
22:56 I have a few other people interested,
22:58 but I prefer renting to a professional like you.
23:01 You seem respectful of the space.
23:04 >> I would take good care of it.
23:06 I treat my home like I treat my patients with care.
23:10 >> That's exactly what I wanted to hear.
23:16 Ah, hear that?
23:17 Your cappuccino is ready.
23:19 >> It's like magic.
23:21 >> It's technology.
23:22 I'll go grab it.
23:31 >> Here you go.
23:32 Careful.
23:32 It's hot.
23:33 >> Thank you.
23:36 >> M.
23:37 Okay, that's delicious.
23:40 >> See, the apartment sells itself.
23:43 >> You are a very good salesman, Rob.
23:45 >> I try my best.
23:47 So, do you have any questions about the building rules, pets, guests?
23:52 Oh, right.
23:53 Guests.
23:54 My parents might visit from New Jersey for a weekend.
23:57 Is that allowed?
23:59 >> Absolutely.
24:00 There's a guest suite on the second floor you can book
24:02 if you want more privacy.
24:03 Or they can stay here.
24:05 The sofa turns into a bed.
24:07 >> A sleeper sofa.
24:08 I didn't notice.
24:10 >> Customade.
24:11 Very comfortable.
24:13 >> Perfect.
24:14 And pets.
24:15 I don't have one now, but >> the building is pet friendly,
24:19 but there is an extra cleaning fee and a size limit.
24:23 No horses.
24:25 >> I think I'll stick to a goldfish.
24:27 Or maybe a cat.
24:30 >> A cat is fine.
24:31 >> Okay, I think I'm running out of questions.
24:34 >> That's a good sign.
24:36 So, what is the next step for you?
24:38 >> I need to go home and calculate my monthly expenses.
24:42 I want to make sure I can afford the rent
24:43 and still save a little money.
24:45 Smart.
24:46 Never rush a financial decision.
24:49 >> Exactly.
24:50 Can I let you know by tomorrow morning?
24:53 >> Tomorrow morning works.
24:53 I can hold the listing until then.
24:55 >> That would be wonderful.
24:56 Thank you, Rob.
24:57 >> No problem.
24:58 I have a good feeling about this.
25:00 >> Me, too.
25:01 It's a very special place.
25:03 >> It is.
25:04 I'm going to miss it, honestly.
25:06 But it's time for me to move on to my next project.
25:08 >> The tennis club.
25:10 >> The tennis club.
25:11 And maybe some travel.
25:12 Who knows?
25:13 Well, I hope you find what you are looking for.
25:16 >> And I hope you find your home here.
25:19 >> Okay, I should get going.
25:21 I have a shift starting in 3 hours.
25:24 >> I'll walk you out.
25:25 We can take the stairs down one flight to see the gym
25:27 if you have time.
25:28 >> Oh, sure.
25:29 A quick look.
25:30 >> Great.
25:30 Follow me.
25:35 House secure mode.
25:39 >> I don't think I'll ever get tired of that.
25:42 It makes you feel like a superhero, right?
25:45 >> A little bit.
25:46 Or a villain in a movie.
25:49 >> As long as you pay the rent, you can be whatever you want.
25:58 Welcome to Daily English Conversations.
26:01 In this series, you'll learn practical English phrases for use on social media
26:05 and in everyday life.
26:14 Found the nicest shades at the new mall.
26:20 >> Don't you already have like 10 pairs?
26:30 >> Hottie >> looking good.
26:34 Isn't summer over soon?
26:40 Let's review the key vocabulary.
26:45 Hottie, attractive person >> like >> being similar to meaningless filler.
26:57 >> Shades.
26:57 Slang word for sunglasses.
27:04 >> Over.
27:04 Finish.
27:04 >> Looking good. have a pleasant appearance.
27:10 Let's review the key vocabulary.
27:13 Do you remember how to say attractive person?
27:22 Hottie.
27:22 Hottie.
27:22 And how to say >> being similar to meaningless filler?
27:32 >> Like like >> what about slang word for sunglasses?
27:42 Shades.
27:42 Shades.
27:42 Let's try >> finish.
27:49 Over.
27:49 Over.
27:49 >> Now, let's see if you remember how to say have a pleasant appearance.
27:54 Looking good.
27:57 Looking good.
28:00 Let's practice.
28:01 After the sound, read the phrases out loud.
28:04 Ready?
28:15 Found the nicest shades at the new mall.
28:26 >> Don't you already have like 10 pairs?
28:42 Hottie looking good.
28:52 Isn't summer over soon?
28:57 Welcome to Daily English Conversations.
29:00 In this series, you'll learn practical English phrases for use on social media
29:04 and in everyday life.
29:13 Here we go.
29:14 Watching the Super Bowl tonight.
29:16 Come on.
29:20 >> You're not forgetting dinner tonight, right?
29:25 >> You sound psyched.
29:30 We want to see photos.
29:35 >> Have fun, but don't get in a fight.
29:40 Let's review the key vocabulary.
29:49 Psyched.
29:49 Enthusiastic.
29:49 >> Here we go.
29:51 >> Become prepared for an upcoming event.
29:56 Forget to not remember.
30:00 >> Photo.
30:00 >> Photograph an image on paper.
30:04 >> Get in a fight.
30:07 Involved in a conflict.
30:10 Let's review the key vocabulary.
30:13 Do you remember how to say enthusiastic, psyched, psyched,
30:23 and how to say become prepared for an upcoming event?
30:28 Here we go.
30:30 Here we go.
30:32 What about >> to not remember?
30:39 Forget.
30:39 Forget.
30:39 Let's try >> photograph an image on paper.
30:47 Photo.
30:47 Photo.
30:47 Now, let's see if you remember how to say involved in a conflict.
30:53 Get in a fight.
30:56 Get in a fight.
30:59 Let's practice.
31:00 After the sound, read the phrases out loud.
31:03 Ready?
31:16 Here we go.
31:17 Watching the Super Bowl tonight.
31:18 Come on.
31:29 You're not forgetting dinner tonight, right?
31:38 You sound psyched.
31:47 We want to see photos.
31:57 >> Have fun, but don't get in a fight.
32:02 Hi everybody, my name is Alicia.
32:04 In this lesson, we're going to look at jirens
32:07 and infinitives with 10 common verbs.
32:10 Let's get started.
32:11 First, let's talk about what even is an infinitive.
32:14 What is a gerand?
32:16 Let's break these two very important concepts down
32:19 and then we'll get into the main part of the lesson.
32:22 First, let's look at the infinitive.
32:24 What is an infinitive?
32:26 So, an infinitive is very simple.
32:29 It's just the to verb form.
32:31 So when you see to plus a verb, you're looking at the infinitive form.
32:36 You might find this form of the verb if you look in a dictionary.
32:40 This is called the infinitive form.
32:42 So the infinitive form communicates the feeling of in order to in order to
32:48 do something or it communicates a potential future action.
32:53 So something that might happen in the future,
32:55 something that is going to happen in the future and so on.
32:58 So this is the thing that infinitive refers to.
33:02 Let's compare this to gerand.
33:05 So a gerand is this form.
33:08 So this verb plus ing.
33:12 So you might think,
33:13 isn't that the same thing as like the progressive form of a verb?
33:17 And the answer is yes.
33:18 On paper, the spelling is 100% the same.
33:23 However, the key difference here is that ajarant,
33:26 while it uses this same verb ing form,
33:30 is taking the place of a noun.
33:33 So, we'll see this in our example sentences later today.
33:36 So, the key here is the grammatical position of the word is different,
33:40 but yes, it does use that verb ing form,
33:43 which is the same as the progressive form of a verb.
33:46 So a gerand communicates an actual activity or an actual action,
33:53 something that is happening or something that happened and so on.
33:56 So let's break down now some very common verbs
34:00 and let's take a look at
34:02 when we use infinitives,
34:03 when we use jirens with these verbs,
34:05 if we can use both and so on.
34:08 Because actually in English sometimes we have only an infinitive we can use with
34:13 the verb.
34:14 Sometimes we have only a gerand we can use,
34:17 sometimes we can use both
34:19 and sometimes we can use both
34:21 but the meaning changes.
34:23 So as you can imagine this is a lot of information to think about
34:26 and it takes some time to get used to
34:28 which verbs take which form
34:30 and so on.
34:31 So in this lesson I'm going to break down some very common verbs
34:35 and talk about some really important notes
34:37 so that you can use them correctly.
34:39 Okay.
34:39 So let's get started by taking a look at the first verb over here.
34:43 A very easy one as you can see the verb finish.
34:46 The verb finish.
34:47 We cannot use the verb finish with a to verb.
34:51 We don't use finish to verb.
34:54 We don't use it in this way.
34:55 So let's talk about now the other side of this
34:59 so that you can see how we should use finish
35:02 when we're connecting to other verbs.
35:04 We use the verb finish with a gerand.
35:07 So what does this look like?
35:09 Here are two example sentences.
35:12 He finished working at 6.
35:14 He finished working at 6.
35:17 Working is the gerand in the ing form.
35:20 Here she'll finish cooking soon.
35:23 She'll finish cooking soon.
35:26 Here is the gerant cooking.
35:27 So in these sentences again we have the jarn form
35:30 and this is the only form
35:32 that we can use with the verb finish.
35:35 So if we imagine this the same verbs with the verb finish over here,
35:40 we cannot apply an infinitive rule.
35:42 So for example, he finished to work at 6 is incorrect.
35:47 And she'll finish to cook soon is also incorrect.
35:51 So when you use the verb finish,
35:53 make sure that you connect it to the next verb with this gerand form.
35:58 Okay.
35:58 So this is our first example.
36:00 We'll go one by one through all of the examples like this
36:03 and take a look at
36:04 which form is appropriate for each verb.
36:07 Okay, so let's take a look at the next verb.
36:10 So the next verb is actually two verbs.
36:12 We can use this same rule for the verbs start and begin.
36:17 So start and begin can both be used with the infinitive after the verb.
36:23 So our examples, the little girl started to cry.
36:27 The little girl started to cry.
36:29 Here's our infinitive verb to cry.
36:32 And we should begin to plan our next product.
36:36 We should begin to plan our next product.
36:39 So, both of these example sentences contain the infinitive form to cry
36:43 and to plan.
36:44 And they communicate some upcoming future action or in this case, this action here,
36:50 the little girl started to cry is like saying it's the beginning of this
36:54 future action.
36:55 That's what we're communicating here.
36:57 So let's compare this to using these with the gerand form.
37:01 So start and begin can also be used with the gerand form.
37:05 The little girl started crying and we should begin planning our next product.
37:11 So we can use both forms with these verbs
37:15 and they communicate the same idea.
37:18 Okay, let's continue to our next verb.
37:20 The next verb is stop.
37:22 Stop.
37:23 You'll notice I've marked this with a blue star.
37:25 We have some special notes for this verb.
37:27 But first, let's take a look at the example sentences.
37:30 First, let's stop to eat at this restaurant.
37:34 Let's stop to eat at this restaurant.
37:36 So, imagine you're driving in a car perhaps
37:38 and you see a restaurant
37:40 that looks good for lunch.
37:41 Let's stop to eat at this restaurant.
37:44 So, in other words, let's stop in order to eat at this restaurant.
37:49 And our second example, he stopped to smoke.
37:53 He stopped to smoke.
37:54 So for example, he was walking down the street.
37:57 He stopped walking in order to smoke.
38:00 That's what this sentence communicates.
38:03 So let's compare these example sentences with the infinitive form to the example sentences
38:09 with the jiren form.
38:10 Stop is an example of a verb
38:13 that can take both the infinitive
38:15 and the jiren forms.
38:17 However, the meaning changes.
38:19 So let's take a look at this.
38:21 Our first example, let's stop eating at this restaurant.
38:25 Let's stop eating at this restaurant.
38:28 So we have stop and eating.
38:30 Eating is our gerant.
38:32 This sentence means we should not eat at this restaurant again.
38:36 So stop eating at this restaurant means maybe we ate at this restaurant many
38:41 times,
38:41 but something happened this time.
38:43 Maybe you go to the restaurant
38:45 and there are bugs in the restaurant
38:46 or the food is terrible
38:48 or it's very expensive
38:49 or the staff is very rude.
38:51 Something bad happens and you say, "Let's stop eating at this restaurant."
38:56 This is what the garand form expresses.
38:59 Remember the infinitive form was let's stop to eat at this restaurant
39:03 which means let's stop the car
39:05 and go for food at this restaurant.
39:08 This one communicates we don't want to eat here anymore.
39:11 So this is a big change.
39:14 Let's stop gerand communicates let's not do this thing any longer.
39:20 Let's look at one more example.
39:22 He stopped smoking.
39:24 He stopped smoking.
39:25 This sentence means he stopped the habit of smoking.
39:29 So maybe he was a smoker.
39:31 He smoked cigarettes for a very long time
39:34 and then one day he decided to change
39:37 that habit.
39:38 He stopped smoking.
39:39 So this again is completely finishing a behavior.
39:45 In our first example with the infinitive form, he stopped to smoke.
39:49 This communicates stopping one action one time in order to do another action.
39:54 However, with the gerand form, it means completely stopping or completely finishing an action.
40:01 So please keep this in mind.
40:03 Both are completely correct.
40:05 Both example sets are completely correct.
40:08 But stop takes the infinitive
40:10 and the gerand and it communicates different ideas depending on
40:14 which one you choose.
40:14 So this is a very important one to keep in mind.
40:17 Okay, let's continue to our next verb.
40:19 The next verb is decide.
40:21 Decide.
40:22 Let's look at the first example.
40:24 Decide.
40:25 They decided to leave.
40:27 They decided to leave.
40:29 So in this situation, we have to leave as our infinitive verb.
40:34 And in this case, we're communicating some upcoming action. and there's a future action.
40:39 They decided to leave.
40:40 So that sounds like they are going to leave very soon.
40:44 Our second example, she decided to move to a new house.
40:49 She decided to move to a new house.
40:51 So again, this sentence with to move in the infinitive communicates an upcoming action,
40:57 a future action, something that is going to happen.
41:00 She decided to move to a new house.
41:03 So this is how we use the verb decide with the infinitive form over
41:07 here.
41:08 Decide cannot be used with the jiren form.
41:10 We cannot use the ing form after the verb decide.
41:14 For example, they decided leaving is incorrect.
41:18 Or she decided moving also incorrect.
41:21 We cannot use decide in the same way
41:24 as we do with the infinitive form.
41:25 So you don't have to worry about it here.
41:27 Okay, great.
41:28 Let's continue on to the next one.
41:30 The next one is practice.
41:32 Practice.
41:32 So, I've marked this with a red triangle to kind of show you a
41:36 warning a little bit.
41:38 So, practice cannot be used in exactly the same way with the infinitive
41:42 and the gerand forms.
41:44 Actually, we use practice most of the time with the garand form.
41:49 I'll show you these example sentences in just a second,
41:52 but there are a couple of sentence structures where we do see the infinitive
41:56 form used with practice.
41:58 So I want to start actually with the gerand form over here
42:01 because it's more common with this verb.
42:03 So let's take a look at how we use practice with the gerand.
42:06 First example sentence, she practiced singing yesterday.
42:11 She practiced singing yesterday.
42:13 So in this sentence, singing is the activity for the practice.
42:17 Okay.
42:18 In the second example, we should practice cooking this.
42:21 We should practice cooking this.
42:23 So if you have a very complicated recipe for example,
42:26 you might say we should practice cooking this.
42:29 So again, cooking is the activity for practice.
42:33 Okay?
42:34 So we are expressing some kind of activity
42:36 that you want to do many times in order to get better at
42:40 that thing.
42:40 So we use the jiren form to do that.
42:43 On the other hand, the infinitive,
42:45 we don't really use the infinitive to do this.
42:47 We don't say she practiced to sing yesterday
42:51 or we should practice to cook this.
42:54 This doesn't really communicate the same feel as we have with the garand form.
42:58 So we use the gerand form to talk about our practice activities.
43:03 As I mentioned, however,
43:04 there are a couple of sentence structures
43:07 that we do see practice used with the infinitive
43:10 and those are sentences like these.
43:12 In these sentences, we're not talking about the specific activity we are practicing.
43:18 Actually, these sentences are just about the reason for practice.
43:23 So, let's look at what I mean.
43:24 First, I need to practice to get better.
43:28 I need to practice to get better.
43:31 So, this sentence means I need to practice in order to get better.
43:35 Let's look at the second example.
43:37 You should practice to improve your skills.
43:40 So you should practice in order to improve your skills.
43:44 So in sentence patterns like these where the focus is on uh our actual
43:49 improvement of skills where we're building the skills,
43:52 we can use the infinitive form in this way.
43:55 However, when you want to talk about the actual subject you're practicing,
44:00 you should use the garant form.
44:02 So this is a very important and key difference with the verb practice.
44:06 So we use them in different ways.
44:08 Okay, great.
44:09 Let's continue on to the next group.
44:11 The next group is actually three.
44:13 I have like, love, and hate here.
44:16 And we can also use other emotion and mental state related verbs.
44:20 But I want to focus on these three
44:22 because they are very common in everyday communication.
44:25 So we can use like, love,
44:27 and hate with the infinitive form and with the garand form.
44:32 And there's no change in meaning.
44:34 So that's hopefully a relief for you.
44:36 You don't have to worry so much about these verbs.
44:38 Let's take a look.
44:39 So, first, he loves to hike.
44:42 He loves to hike.
44:44 And she hates to lose.
44:46 She hates to lose.
44:48 And we like to watch movies.
44:50 We like to watch movies.
44:52 So, all of these communicate this idea of something that we feel emotional about,
44:58 some kind of regular activity that we enjoy or that we dislike.
45:02 We can do the same thing with the Jiren form, and it's perfectly correct.
45:06 He loves hiking.
45:08 He loves hiking.
45:09 She hates losing.
45:11 She hates losing.
45:12 And we like watching movies.
45:15 We like watching movies.
45:17 So these sentences, no matter which one you choose,
45:19 you are going to communicate the same idea.
45:22 So this form and this form, there's really not a difference between the two.
45:27 So I hope that this one gives you a sense of relief.
45:30 You don't have to worry so much about this.
45:32 Okay, let's move on to the next one, though.
45:34 The next few are some very intense topics.
45:37 So we have a lot to talk about here.
45:39 So first let's take a look at the verb remember.
45:43 Remember.
45:43 So our example sentences.
45:45 He remembered to buy milk.
45:47 He remembered to buy milk.
45:49 And we didn't remember to watch the movie.
45:52 We didn't remember to watch the movie.
45:54 So here infinitive form he remembered to buy.
45:58 Okay.
45:58 So in other words,
45:59 another way to say this is he did not forget to buy milk.
46:03 Right?
46:04 We he remembered to buy milk and we didn't remember to watch the movie.
46:09 We didn't remember to watch the movie.
46:11 We have the infinitive forms here.
46:13 Okay.
46:14 So these sentences, the meaning is pretty clear, I think.
46:17 Right?
46:17 So these are actions we remembered to do, right?
46:21 Let's compare this though to the garand use of remember
46:26 because we communicate something very different here.
46:29 He remembered buying milk.
46:32 He remembered buying milk.
46:34 This sentence means he remembered the activity of buying milk.
46:40 That means he remembers his actions.
46:42 He remembers going to the store
46:45 and talking to the staff at the store
46:47 and giving them money
46:48 and taking the milk home.
46:50 He remembered all of that.
46:52 He remembered the activity of buying milk.
46:55 Okay, this is what this sentence communicates with the jarn form.
46:59 He remembered that action, that specific action.
47:02 Second example, we didn't remember watching the movie.
47:06 We didn't remember watching the movie.
47:09 So this sentence again we have the negative here.
47:12 This sentence means we the speakers, the group of people,
47:16 they do not remember the activity of watching the movie.
47:20 So this sounds like they watched a movie
47:23 but they don't remember any of it.
47:25 They don't remember.
47:26 Maybe they were very tired or maybe there was some other thing happening.
47:30 They were very stressed out or something like that.
47:33 So they do not remember the activity the action of watching the movie.
47:38 That is what this grammar choice this this gerand here communicates this idea
47:44 that the specific action itself is the thing
47:47 that the person does not remember.
47:49 So this is a key difference with the gerant form and the infinitive.
47:54 Here we're talking about the action remembering to do a thing
47:59 and on the other hand we're talking about the experience itself.
48:04 So this is a key difference here.
48:05 We're going to see this again with the next verb as well.
48:08 So this is our first one.
48:10 Let's look at a similar pattern that we have with our next verb.
48:13 Then the verb forget is the same idea as remember.
48:17 It's just the opposite, right?
48:19 Remember and forget.
48:20 We have the same rule that applies.
48:22 So let's look at our examples.
48:24 He forgot to meet me.
48:25 He forgot to meet me.
48:27 So here we have our infinitive.
48:28 He forgot to meet.
48:30 He forgot to meet me.
48:31 So in this case, some activity, some meeting was scheduled and he forgot.
48:37 So I was planning to meet him.
48:39 He forgot.
48:40 Okay.
48:40 So this is just one action, a one-time thing.
48:43 He forgot to do this action.
48:45 Second example, she forgot to email the file.
48:48 She forgot to email the file.
48:50 So I had a plan to email the file
48:52 or something. or she rather she had a plan to email the file.
48:56 She forgot.
48:56 She forgot to do that action.
48:58 So, we have this same feeling that we just talked about with remember.
49:03 Yes, this was a one-time thing.
49:04 He forgot to meet me this one time
49:06 and she forgot to email this thing the one time.
49:10 On the other hand, when we use the garand form here,
49:13 we're talking about the whole experience.
49:16 Forgetting the whole experience.
49:18 So, he forgot meeting me.
49:21 He forgot meeting me means we met maybe a long time ago
49:26 but he forgot.
49:28 So this has probably happened to many people.
49:30 You meet someone one time very quickly in the past
49:33 and maybe you meet them again in the future
49:35 and you're like who are you?
49:37 Sorry I don't remember meeting you or I forgot meeting you.
49:41 So this means the experience of meeting that person the complete experience is gone.
49:46 You forgot about that.
49:48 Let's look at our second example.
49:50 She forgot emailing the file.
49:52 She forgot emailing the file.
49:54 This means she did email the file.
49:56 She emailed the file, but she forgot about doing it.
49:59 She forgot she was doing lots of different things that day at work.
50:03 She forgot about that specific experience of emailing the file.
50:07 So, we can use this to talk about entire experiences we forget.
50:12 Sometimes there's just part of our day we don't remember, right?
50:15 We can express that with this.
50:17 So forget and remember take this same kind of special meaning
50:21 when we have the garand form
50:23 and we use them uh in the infinitive form just to talk about those
50:27 one-time actions that we forget
50:29 or remember.
50:30 Okay, great.
50:31 Let's continue on to our last two verbs.
50:33 We have some more notes to talk about here, but they're very important.
50:36 So let's talk about how we use go with the gerand now
50:40 because it is very different,
50:42 but it's also correct to use go with the gerant form of a verb.
50:46 So we use go with jirens generally
50:49 when we're talking about an activity like hobbies
50:52 or sports things that we like to do outside the house.
50:55 We can use the jiren form to express this.
50:58 For example, they went surfing.
51:01 They went surfing.
51:03 So this expresses an activity they left their home to do.
51:07 They went surfing.
51:08 Second example, she goes swimming once a month.
51:12 She goes swimming once a month.
51:14 So it sounds kind of unnatural to use the infinitive form here
51:18 as in she goes to swim once a month.
51:20 We usually use the jarn form
51:22 when we talk about our hobbies
51:23 or our activities.
51:25 On the other hand,
51:25 if we try to use the jarn form in these sentences,
51:28 it sounds very very strange.
51:30 It's not correct.
51:30 So don't use it.
51:31 For example, he went buying milk an hour ago.
51:34 Don't use that.
51:35 It's not correct.
51:36 And she went picking up her friend.
51:38 Also not correct.
51:40 We cannot use those.
51:41 So, please keep in mind
51:42 that when we use go
51:44 and we're talking about our errands
51:45 and our everyday tasks,
51:47 we use the infinitive to express that.
51:49 If you want to talk about your hobbies, your favorite activities, and sports,
51:53 use the garand to express that.
51:55 Okay, great.
51:56 We are almost at the end.
51:57 Let's talk about our last verb here.
51:59 So, the last verb is try.
52:01 Try.
52:02 There are a couple of different uses I want to talk about in this
52:05 lesson.
52:06 So I first want to talk about uh how we use try to mean
52:11 attempt something.
52:12 So let's look at our example.
52:14 He tried to cook dinner.
52:15 He tried to cook dinner.
52:17 So we can understand this as he attempted to cook dinner.
52:20 He did his best to cook dinner.
52:22 So here we have to cook as the infinitive.
52:25 He tried to cook dinner.
52:26 Okay.
52:27 Second example.
52:28 They tried to unlock the door.
52:31 They tried to unlock the door.
52:33 So again they attempted to unlock the door is what this means.
52:38 So we can use this use of try with the jarn form as well.
52:44 So he tried cooking dinner.
52:46 He tried cooking dinner.
52:48 So he attempted cooking dinner.
52:50 He attempted the task of cooking dinner.
52:53 And they tried unlocking the door.
52:56 So they attempted this action, right?
52:58 They attempted the action of unlocking the door.
53:01 So we can use try in this way to talk about attempting to do
53:06 things.
53:06 This is totally fine.
53:08 However, there are some situations in
53:10 which it doesn't sound good to use the garand form with try.
53:14 And that's when I'll move to this side.
53:16 That's when we use try to talk about our habits.
53:20 So for example, in this example sentence,
53:23 it says I try to exercise three times a week.
53:27 I try to exercise three times a week.
53:31 We use this to talk about our future actions, right?
53:33 As we discussed earlier,
53:35 we're talking about something
53:36 that we do as part of our everyday routine
53:38 or a regular weekly routine.
53:41 We cannot use try in this way with the jarn form.
53:45 For example, I try exercising three times a week.
53:49 That sounds very strange
53:50 because we generally use try to refer to attempts
53:54 when we use the jarn form.
53:56 I try exercising three times a week.
53:58 Sounds quite strange.
54:00 And our second example, she tries to save money every month.
54:04 She tries to save money every month as a habit.
54:08 So if we say she tries saving money every month,
54:12 it sort of sounds like one big experience that she attempts each month.
54:17 It doesn't really communicate the feeling of a habit
54:20 that we have when we use the infinitive form.
54:22 So if you want to express a habit to talk about something you always
54:27 try to do each month,
54:29 use the infinitive form.
54:30 If you want to talk about attempting something,
54:33 you can use the jiren form or the infinitive form to do that.
54:37 Phw.
54:37 All right, that was a lot of information.
54:39 I know jirens and infinitives have lots and lots of possibilities.
54:44 And if you feel kind of confused, that's okay.
54:46 There's a lot of information to take in.
54:49 This is one of those things that just takes time and practice.
54:52 I really recommend you do some reading practice, of course,
54:56 and do some listening practice
54:57 as well to get the feel for
54:59 which is most natural to use,
55:01 infinitive form or jiren form.
55:04 In this lesson, I covered some very, very common verbs.
55:07 And there are lots and lots of other verbs out there,
55:10 but the truth is
55:11 that we have to look at each verb on a case-bycase basis
55:14 because,
55:14 as we saw, there are some verbs that just take some special care.
55:18 So, I hope this lesson gave you a good introduction to jirens
55:22 and infinitives and you have some good ideas about how you can use them
55:25 with these common verbs.
55:27 But of course, if you have any other questions
55:29 or if you want to practice making some example sentences
55:31 or just leave a comment,
55:32 please feel free to do so in the comment section of this video.
55:36 Also, if you like this lesson,
55:37 please don't forget to give it a thumbs up
55:39 and subscribe to our channel
55:40 if you haven't already.
55:41 Also, check us out at englishclass101.com for some other things
55:44 that can help you with your English studies.
55:47 Thanks very much for watching this lesson and I will see you again soon.
55:50 Bye.
55:51 Hi everybody, my name is Alicia.
55:53 In this lesson, we're going to look at some expressions you can use for
55:57 catching up with someone.
55:59 We're going to take a look at some questions
56:01 and responses and we're going to break down the different grammar points we use
56:05 in these situations and see how they work together.
56:08 So, let's get started.
56:10 First, let's take a look at this first set of questions.
56:14 These are very common questions we use to start a catchup conversation.
56:19 So, this is a conversation with a person you probably haven't seen for some
56:24 time.
56:25 We typically use present perfect tense to start these conversations.
56:30 So, the first question we commonly use is how have you been?
56:35 How have you been?
56:37 So this question means since the last time we saw each other in the
56:41 past until now what was your condition?
56:44 So this period of time in
56:46 which we did not meet we did not see each other we did not
56:49 contact each other in
56:50 that time how were you
56:52 or how were you from
56:54 that point until now.
56:56 So we ask this how have you been question generally at the beginning of
57:00 a catchup session.
57:01 To respond to that, we usually use I've been adjective.
57:07 I've been adjective.
57:09 Some very common ones are good.
57:12 I've been good.
57:13 I've been okay.
57:15 I've been all right.
57:17 I've been busy.
57:18 I've been tired.
57:20 And one more.
57:21 I've been swamped.
57:22 You might hear this one used too.
57:24 Swamped means very, very busy and kind of overwhelmed.
57:27 It's too much.
57:29 Generally, we just say good.
57:31 Good.
57:32 And you'll notice here I have parentheses around I've been.
57:36 Sometimes we just respond to this question with the adjective.
57:40 How have you been?
57:41 Good.
57:42 How have you been?
57:43 Okay.
57:44 How have you been?
57:45 Busy and so on.
57:47 So, you can use I've been if you want to create a full sentence,
57:50 but generally because it's just quick and easy,
57:53 we just say the adjective to respond.
57:55 Have you been?
57:56 Good.
57:57 Okay, let's look at the next present perfect question.
58:00 Next is what have you been up to?
58:03 What have you been up to?
58:05 So again, we're using present perfect tense in this question.
58:09 That means again since the last point in time that we met to now,
58:14 what were you doing?
58:15 What were your activities?
58:17 That's what this question is asking.
58:18 But in a very casual way.
58:20 What have you been up to?
58:22 What have you been up to?
58:24 At native speed, this sounds very fast.
58:26 It sounds like, "What have you been up to?"
58:27 or maybe even, "What you been up to?"
58:29 So, how do we respond to this question?
58:32 To respond to this question,
58:34 we use I've been verb plus the ing ending here.
58:39 So, some examples of this are I've been working.
58:44 I've been studying.
58:45 I've been hanging out.
58:47 So, this means nothing special really, just hanging out, spending time with my friends.
58:52 I've been hanging out.
58:53 I've been sitting at my computer
58:55 or I've been taking care of my kids
58:58 or I've been visiting family.
59:00 So again, we're using this present perfect grammar structure here.
59:06 I've been ing form and yes,
59:08 you'll notice this is present perfect continuous we're using to respond to this.
59:13 What have you been up to?
59:14 I've been ing form.
59:17 So, we use this ing form to show
59:19 that the action started in the past
59:21 and has been continuing for some time.
59:24 That's why we're using the continuous to respond to this question
59:28 as opposed to just basic present perfect tense.
59:30 Something else.
59:31 So, this continuous form sounds very natural to reply with.
59:36 What have you been up to?
59:37 H working.
59:38 So, you can also just drop the I've been here too.
59:41 It's very natural to do that.
59:43 What have you been up to?
59:44 Studying.
59:45 Studying a lot. or what have you been up to?
59:47 Taking care of my kids.
59:48 I've been so busy and so on.
59:50 So, you can use these two together.
59:52 It's very natural to use these two together.
59:55 All right, let's move on to the next one.
59:58 The next question is a little bit more specific then.
60:01 So, how has noun phrase been going?
60:04 How has nounphrase been going?
60:07 In this sentence, the noun phrase is something you know about the other person,
60:12 something they were working on, something they were struggling with,
60:16 something they were interested in,
60:18 something you remember about your past conversations with that person.
60:22 You want to ask about an update with that.
60:25 So, for example, these are very, very common ones.
60:28 How has work been going?
60:30 How has school been going?
60:32 How has business been going?
60:34 And you'll notice with these two, how has work?
60:36 How is school?
60:37 How has business been going?
60:39 These are all kind of ongoing things and they're also activities, right?
60:44 So, we don't use a person here.
60:46 Like, we don't say, "How has your wife been going?"
60:48 or something like that.
60:49 We don't use that.
60:50 We use activities, kinds of activities
60:53 and things that we do on a daily basis here.
60:56 So, maybe there's like a sport
60:57 or a hobby or something like
60:59 that the other person does.
61:00 You could use that here.
61:02 Like, how has your photography class been going?
61:04 And so on.
61:05 These three are probably the most common.
61:08 So, how do we respond to this question?
61:10 We can respond again with a very similar pattern.
61:14 It's been adjective.
61:16 It's been adjective.
61:18 This is almost the same as the first one here,
61:21 but the key difference is we're using it's here in the subject.
61:26 It's been adjective.
61:27 Here we said I've been adjective to talk about your condition.
61:32 This uses it's been to talk about this thing. the condition of this thing.
61:36 So, for example, how has work been going?
61:39 It's been good or it's been the same
61:42 or it's been crazy
61:44 or it's been busy,
61:46 it's been hard, it's been interesting, it's been weird, and it's been amazing.
61:52 So, you can choose lots
61:53 and lots of different adjectives here to give some information about the status,
61:58 the recent status of that activity.
62:00 So keep in mind
62:01 if you choose something like weird
62:03 or hard or something like
62:04 that,
62:05 you should probably be prepared to explain a little bit more in detail about
62:09 that.
62:10 But generally you can just use an adjective
62:12 or you can use the full sentence.
62:14 It's been the same.
62:16 It's been good.
62:17 Okay, let's look at our last question that uses present perfect tense.
62:21 So the last one is, have you been verbing lately?
62:26 Have you been verbing lately?
62:29 So this is another type of question you can use to ask about someone
62:33 else's activity.
62:34 So this question is different from this question
62:37 because this one is a simple yes
62:39 or no question.
62:40 Have you been doing that thing I know that you used to do lately?
62:45 For example, have you been working out lately?
62:48 Have you been cooking lately?
62:49 Have you been traveling lately?
62:51 Have you been working a lot lately?
62:53 And so on.
62:54 So you can use these little key points you remember from the last conversation
62:58 and ask if they are still doing those things.
63:02 So to respond to this, what should we say?
63:04 This is a yes or no question, right?
63:06 So we can respond with yes,
63:08 a little bit and no and the different spectrum.
63:12 There's a different uh group of
63:13 or rather there are different types of answers we can use here.
63:17 So have you been working out lately?
63:19 For example, yes, all the time.
63:21 All the time.
63:22 So all the time,
63:24 this is something that we use to mean yes very often.
63:27 Very often, but all the time sounds more casual
63:30 and more friendly than yes often.
63:32 Often sounds a little formal here.
63:34 Or you could say here and there.
63:37 Here and there, which is a casual way to say sometimes.
63:40 Same thing with now and then.
63:42 Now and then.
63:43 So have you been traveling lately?
63:46 Now and then.
63:47 So this means sometimes.
63:48 Both of these mean sometimes.
63:51 Then if you are not doing something very much, you can say,
63:56 "I haven't been verbing much lately."
63:59 I haven't been verbing much lately.
64:01 So, have you been cooking lately?
64:04 I haven't been cooking much lately.
64:06 No.
64:07 Or one more.
64:08 No, I stopped verbing at a past point in time.
64:12 So, for example, have you been working out lately?
64:16 No, I stopped working out about 3 months ago.
64:19 I got really busy.
64:20 So you can express that something stopped as well with this pattern.
64:24 No, I stopped in past point in time.
64:28 Okay.
64:28 So these are generally uh some of the most common questions
64:32 that we use to start these catch-up conversations
64:35 and these are typically the responses
64:37 that you can use.
64:38 So they're very quick and very short, right?
64:40 And then after you finished this thing,
64:43 there's your first opportunity for a how about you question.
64:46 So you can go how have you been?
64:48 Yeah, I've been good.
64:49 How about you?
64:50 I've been good.
64:51 And then continue on to the next part of the conversation.
64:55 So after one of these,
64:56 generally this question is the first one that you can uh finish with,
65:00 how about you?
65:01 You can follow that up with uh just asking the same question to the
65:05 other person.
65:06 And then for more detailed follow-up questions, we will change grammar points.
65:11 So let's get into this next.
65:13 So I have a couple different groups,
65:15 a couple different categories of follow-up questions.
65:19 First, let's take a look at follow-ups that use simple past tense.
65:23 So, the first one is did you verb or did you ever verb.
65:28 So, this ever is useful when you know the other person had some plan.
65:34 You knew about some plan they had like to change jobs,
65:37 to move to another house, something like that,
65:39 and you want to ask if they did that thing.
65:43 So, did you ever verb for example,
65:46 did you ever move to a new house
65:48 or did you ever change jobs
65:51 or did you ever sell your car?
65:53 So, this use of ever also is typically used after a long time like
65:58 you haven't seen someone for a very long time,
66:00 maybe a year or more.
66:02 You have a lot to talk about.
66:04 If you saw the person like last month, it sounds too short.
66:07 Like that's too short of a time period to use ever.
66:10 We typically use this over a long period of time.
66:14 So if you just want to ask if the person did something,
66:17 just drop ever from the sentence.
66:19 It's still 100% correct.
66:21 So did you move to a new house
66:23 or did you change jobs
66:24 or did you sell your car?
66:26 That's just a simple basic uh past tense structure.
66:29 That's totally fine to use.
66:31 For more emphasis on the long period of time, include ever here.
66:36 So simple past tense question.
66:38 How do we respond to this?
66:40 We respond with yes, I past tense verb.
66:44 So yes, I moved or yes, I changed jobs or yes,
66:49 I sold my car.
66:50 So that's a very simple, straightforward, clear answer.
66:54 Yes, I did.
66:55 In other words, you can also say not yet.
66:58 Not yet, I'm planning to.
67:01 So this shows that although there's no change at this point in time,
67:04 there will be a change in the future.
67:06 And finally, nope, I decided not to.
67:10 No, I decided not to.
67:11 So, we still have this past tense in our response.
67:14 I decided not to.
67:17 So, this not to means I decided not to do this thing.
67:21 I decided not to move to a new house.
67:23 I decided not to change jobs and so on.
67:26 But we finish with this to.
67:28 This is okay in casual conversations.
67:31 Okay, let's take a look at one more simple past tense question.
67:34 Then when did you start verbing?
67:37 When did you start verbing?
67:39 So this is a simple past tense question.
67:42 When did you start that new activity?
67:45 So when did you start working at your new job?
67:49 When did you start taking classes?
67:52 When did you start working out?
67:54 So we use this ing form after the verb start.
67:58 Start.
67:58 So we're connecting these two verbs together.
68:00 Start plus the other activity.
68:02 When did you start?
68:04 The answer for this is very simple.
68:06 I started at past point in time.
68:09 I started past point in time.
68:11 I started last summer.
68:13 I started two weeks ago.
68:15 I started about a year ago.
68:17 So, we can use a very very simple past tense answer here
68:21 and just put the point in time at
68:23 which we started the activity there.
68:25 All right.
68:26 Let's move on to the next kind of category grammar category
68:31 which is present progressive
68:33 or present continuous questions
68:35 and responses.
68:37 So when you want to move the conversation to the things
68:40 that are happening now you can use this question.
68:44 So what are you verbing on now?
68:48 What are you verbing on now?
68:51 For example, what are you working on now?
68:54 or what are you making now?
68:57 What are you doing now?
68:59 I have this on here
69:00 because we tend to use working on a lot in this question to mean
69:04 generally.
69:05 What kinds of projects or what kinds of activities?
69:08 So on is in parentheses here.
69:10 We don't need to use it with making or doing though.
69:14 So what are you verbing now?
69:16 The answer also uses the same progressive form.
69:20 I'm working on new software
69:22 or I'm making a website
69:24 or I'm taking language classes.
69:27 So again, we're using the progressive form to show that that activity is continuing.
69:33 We've asked with the progressive form
69:35 as well to show
69:36 that we expect there's a continuing action happening too.
69:39 Okay, great.
69:41 So finally, I want to take a look in this category at this question,
69:44 too.
69:45 Are you still verbing?
69:48 Are you still verbing?
69:49 This is extremely similar to this one that we talked about earlier.
69:54 Have you been verbing lately?
69:56 So, this is one
69:57 that we use to talk about past activities
70:00 or activities that started in the past
70:02 and continue to the present.
70:03 This one, are you still verbing is asking is
70:07 that a present activity for you?
70:10 And this still shows
70:12 that you remember that was the other person's activity in the past.
70:16 So for example, if you know your friend really liked cooking,
70:20 you might say to them, "Are you still cooking a lot?"
70:23 Which means today, at this point in time,
70:26 is that an activity you are doing?
70:28 Using still shows you remember
70:31 that that was their favorite activity
70:33 or something like that.
70:34 So still can help you to express
70:36 that you remember something about the other person.
70:38 Are you still cooking?
70:39 Are you still traveling a lot?
70:41 Are you still working a lot?
70:42 And so on.
70:43 So this question actually we can respond to it with the same answers
70:48 that we practiced earlier.
70:50 Yes, all the time, here and there,
70:52 now and then and other adverbs of frequency.
70:55 Yeah, sometimes and so on.
70:57 So this is a very straightforward easy yes or no question.
71:02 All right, let's go to the last point for today's lesson.
71:05 Future tense questions.
71:06 So when you're catching up with someone,
71:08 maybe you tend to start with the past, right?
71:11 What did you do?
71:12 what have you been doing and so on.
71:14 How is this?
71:15 How is that?
71:16 And then you talk about what's coming up next, right?
71:19 So, how do you ask about someone's future plans?
71:22 Here's a very general question you can use.
71:25 What are you going to do next?
71:27 What are you going to do next?
71:29 So, we use going to here
71:31 because we're asking the other person about the plans they have already decided for
71:37 themselves.
71:38 We do not use what will you do next.
71:40 We don't use this
71:41 because that doesn't sound like a plan the other person made.
71:44 We use will those grammar points
71:47 when we're not sure about something
71:49 or when we've just decided
71:50 that thing.
71:51 So if you ask this question, what are you going to do next?
71:55 It's going to prompt
71:56 or they're probably going to reply with their next planned activity.
72:00 For example, I'm going to start a new company.
72:04 I'm gonna start a new company.
72:05 Or I'm going to relax.
72:08 I'm going to relax.
72:09 Or if they're not sure, you might get a response like this.
72:14 I'm not sure yet.
72:16 I'll probably do some research.
72:19 I'm not sure yet.
72:20 I'll probably do some research.
72:21 Here, you'll notice I've used will.
72:23 I will.
72:24 This is the reduced form of I will.
72:26 I will probably do some research.
72:28 We like to use I will probably do this
72:31 and this and this
72:32 when we're not 100% sure,
72:35 but we have an idea.
72:36 I'll probably do this.
72:39 So, you might see will used in response to this question
72:42 when someone is not 100% sure about their activities.
72:46 Okay, great.
72:47 So, we've covered a lot of different grammar points,
72:50 but we use all of these together to catch up with someone.
72:54 So, as I said, we typically start from the past,
72:56 we catch up on the things we missed,
72:58 and then we talk about what's happening now,
73:01 and then we talk about what they're going to do in the future.
73:04 So, I hope that this lesson helps you to see how these different grammar
73:07 points work together. and helps you to understand some of the small key differences
73:12 in the questions and in the responses
73:14 that we looked at in this lesson.
73:17 So, I hope that this helped you a lot
73:18 and I hope that you can use this in your catchup conversations with your
73:21 friends,
73:22 your family members, your classmates and so on.
73:25 All right, so that will be the end of this lesson,
73:27 but I hope that you enjoyed it.
73:29 If you have any questions
73:30 or comments or if you want to practice making some example conversations,
73:34 please feel free to do so in the comment section of this video.
73:37 Also, if you like this lesson,
73:38 please don't forget to give it a thumbs up
73:40 and subscribe to our channel
73:41 if you haven't already.
73:42 Also, check us out at englishclass101.com for some other things
73:45 that can help you with your English studies.
73:48 Thanks very much for watching this lesson and I will see you again soon.
73:51 Bye.
73:52 Hi everybody.
73:53 Welcome back to Know Your Verbs.
73:55 My name is Alicia
73:56 and in this lesson we're going to talk about the verb turn.
73:59 Let's get started.
74:03 Let's start with the basic definition of the verb turn.
74:07 The basic definition of turn is to change the direction of movement
74:12 or to change the direction one is facing.
74:15 Some examples.
74:17 Turn left at the next stoplight.
74:20 She turned to the door.
74:23 Now let's look at the conjugations for this verb.
74:26 Present turns. past turned.
74:32 Past participle turned progressive turning.
74:39 Now let's talk about some additional meanings for this verb.
74:42 The first additional meaning is to move in a circle from a fixed point.
74:47 Some examples turn the key in the lock to open the door.
74:53 He turned the handle and rolled down the window.
74:57 So this use refers to something making a circular motion turning in a circular
75:02 motion.
75:03 This motion from a fixed point.
75:05 So a fixed point means
75:06 that the center of
75:07 that circle or like a center line there does not move.
75:11 So that means that this always turns in the same like place
75:15 or the same location
75:17 but we make a circular motion in some way.
75:20 The first example sentence is about a key.
75:22 So turn the key in the lock refers to making a circular turning this
75:27 turning motion a circular motion in a fixed place.
75:31 So this does not move
75:32 but inside this this fixed place we make this circular motion with a key.
75:37 So turn the key in the lock to open the door.
75:41 The second example sentence maybe you need to know about older cars to imagine
75:46 this but in this case he turned the handle
75:49 and rolled down the window.
75:51 In older cars, we saw windows that had a handle.
75:54 So, we had to turn,
75:55 make this motion in a car to roll the window down.
75:59 So, we use turn to talk about this.
76:01 The handle in the car uh is attached to the car.
76:04 So, it's in a fixed position
76:06 and we turn the handle in order to roll the window down.
76:10 So, we use turn in this way to talk about these circular motions um
76:15 from a point that is set
76:16 that that is unmoving.
76:18 Let's move along to the next additional meaning.
76:21 The next meaning is to move to the next page in a book
76:24 or other document.
76:26 Examples, she quickly turned to the next page.
76:32 Please turn to page 10 and begin reading.
76:36 So this use of turn is very commonly used for books, for newspapers,
76:41 for any kind of paper document, something that we can read,
76:45 a physical document. or you might see it used in digital books as well.
76:50 So to turn means to move from one page to another page.
76:54 You might also see turn over used like turn over the paper
76:58 and read the other side for example.
77:01 But when you're reading a physical book
77:03 and you want to talk about your progression of pages,
77:06 when you want to talk about this sort of motion,
77:08 moving to the next page, we typically use the verb turn.
77:12 Turn the page.
77:14 The first example sentence was she quickly turned to the next page.
77:18 So if you're really excited about a book
77:20 or you want to describe someone who is,
77:22 you could say she quickly turned to the next page.
77:26 So that means making this motion very quickly to move to the next page
77:30 in a book.
77:31 The second example sentence is perhaps something you would hear in a classroom.
77:35 Please turn to page 10 and begin reading.
77:38 So that means please open your book,
77:41 turn until you find page 10 and begin reading there.
77:46 So turn to a specific page number is something you might also hear.
77:51 The next additional meaning is to use a switch to control something.
77:55 Some examples, turn up the volume, turn down the volume, turn off the TV.
78:03 So, as you can see from these example sentences,
78:06 this use of turn uses a lot of prepositions.
78:09 When we talk about using some kind of switch to control something else,
78:13 we use prepositions like up or off or on or down.
78:19 So, in an example sentence like turn up the volume,
78:22 it means use a switch to control the volume using this motion,
78:26 a turning motion. often, not always,
78:29 but we use the verb turn to talk about increasing volume.
78:32 So, turn up the volume.
78:34 The opposite turn down the volume means use a switch to control the volume
78:39 and decrease the volume.
78:41 In the example sentence, turn off the TV.
78:44 It means use the controls on the TV and power off.
78:48 So, turn the power off.
78:50 So, means like don't use the TV, turn off the TV.
78:54 So I mentioned that this is used for switches.
78:57 So switch of course can mean a physical like button
79:00 or a dial that you can turn.
79:03 But now of course with like smartphones as well,
79:05 we have screens we can use.
79:07 So we can think of these sort of like switches.
79:10 There are other methods of controlling things, other kind of technologies.
79:14 Even though there's not a switch, like an actual button to push,
79:18 uh we still use turn up, turn down, turn on,
79:21 and turn off to talk about our activities with these kinds of things.
79:25 So, you can still use it.
79:27 Some interesting combinations that you might hear, uh, for example,
79:30 turn down the TV or turn up the TV.
79:34 This actually refers to the volume of something.
79:36 So, some people might say, "Turn up the TV."
79:39 That means turn up the volume on the TV.
79:42 Uh the same thing uh in reverse.
79:44 Turn down the TV means turn down the volume,
79:47 decrease the volume on the TV.
79:49 So when you hear this turn used along with some kind of machinery,
79:55 listen for that preposition.
79:57 Turn up, turn off, turn down, um turn on.
80:01 So there are quite a few examples that you can use here,
80:04 but they basically talk about controlling things.
80:06 The next additional meaning is to become. to become.
80:10 Some examples, the weather turned ugly.
80:14 His attitude turned from excited to disappointed when he heard the news.
80:20 So turn means become in these cases.
80:22 The weather turned ugly.
80:24 We can substitute become for turn in this example sentence.
80:29 The weather became ugly.
80:31 So that means the weather was good and then it became bad.
80:34 We just use turn to describe that change.
80:37 You can choose become or turn,
80:40 but become is going to sound a lot more formal than turn.
80:44 Uh, for a more casual expression, you could use get.
80:48 Actually, the weather got ugly.
80:50 That's a great one, too.
80:51 But you may hear turn to refer to becoming.
80:54 So, in the second example sentence,
80:56 his attitude turned from excited to disappointed
81:00 when he heard the news means his attitude became disappointed. his attitude changed from
81:06 excited to disappointed.
81:08 We use turn here to mean became in this case.
81:12 So if you want to,
81:13 you can describe these kinds of changes with the verb turned.
81:17 Um, but you might hear become or as I said get as well.
81:20 So you can use turn to talk about these changes or to mean become.
81:26 Um, but it's just one of a few different choices that you might hear.
81:29 You might hear turn, become, change, or get. for example.
81:34 Um, but they all refer to this kind of change taking place
81:37 or one thing becoming something else.
81:43 Let's move along to some variations.
81:45 Now, the first variation is to turn someone or something in.
81:50 This means to present or to submit something that is expected.
81:56 Some examples, please turn in your homework by tomorrow morning.
82:01 A neighbor turned in the burglar who broke into our house.
82:05 So to turn something in refers to presenting
82:08 or submitting something you are expected to provide.
82:11 So this is very common in classroom situations.
82:14 The teacher will say please turn in your homework.
82:18 That means please present your homework.
82:20 I am expecting you to present your homework.
82:22 So please give it to me.
82:23 So please turn in your homework.
82:25 Very commonly used in education settings.
82:28 We see turn in used for people in typically like police related situations
82:35 or crime related situations.
82:37 In this case, uh the neighbor turned in the burglar who broke into our
82:42 house.
82:43 That means the neighbor brought to the police the burglar who broke into our
82:48 house.
82:49 So for some reason,
82:49 the neighbor caught the person who broke into the speaker's house
82:53 and brought that person to the police station.
82:56 So to turn someone in refers to presenting a person but to police specifically.
83:03 So when you're talking about those kinds of situations like crime situations,
83:07 you'll hear turn someone in used to talk about a person being presented to
83:13 the police.
83:14 You can also use this verb reflexively like the burglar turned himself
83:19 or herself in to the police.
83:21 So you can choose to present yourself if you have committed a crime.
83:25 We would say to turn oneself in.
83:28 The next variation is to turn someone or something over to someone.
83:34 This means to give someone responsibility for someone or something.
83:39 Some examples.
83:40 I'm going to turn this project over to you.
83:43 The police turn the suspect over to the legal team.
83:47 So this means you are passing responsibility for a thing
83:52 or a person to someone else.
83:55 The first example sentence,
83:57 I'm going to turn this project over to you means I'm going to pass
84:01 you the responsibility for this project.
84:04 That means you get to make all the decisions.
84:06 I want you to make the choices.
84:08 You have the responsibility.
84:10 I'm going to turn this project over to you.
84:13 The second example is about a person.
84:16 The police turned the suspect over to the legal team.
84:20 This means the police originally had control of the suspect,
84:24 but the police turned over the suspect to the legal team.
84:29 That means the police passed responsibility for the suspect to the legal team.
84:34 So in the beginning, the police had control authority over this person,
84:39 but they gave that to the legal team.
84:42 So, you might hear this used
84:43 when there's a new person joining a company
84:46 and that person needs to be trained,
84:48 for example.
84:49 You might hear it in like legal situations like I've talked about in the
84:53 second example sentence here.
84:54 Or you might just hear it used for like um supervising situations in general,
84:59 like in events for example.
85:01 So, to turn someone over to someone else means to be in charge of
85:06 another person.
85:07 Okay, so those are hopefully a few new ways for you to use the
85:10 verb turn.
85:11 As I've said, there are lots of different ways to use turn with prepositions.
85:16 So, please check out a dictionary for some more information.
85:19 Of course, if you have any questions or comments,
85:21 or if you want to practice making a sentence with the verb turn,
85:25 please feel free to do so in the comment section of this video.
85:28 Also, if you like the video,
85:30 please don't forget to give it a thumbs up,
85:32 subscribe to our channel if you have not already,
85:34 and check us out at englishclass101.com for some other things
85:38 that can help you with your English studies.
85:40 Thanks very much for watching this lesson, and I will see you again soon.
85:43 Bye-bye.
85:45 Turn off the camera.
85:47 >> Turn it off.
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