0:00 We're about to enter one of the most controlled factories on Earth.
0:05 A place where a single wrong atom can ruin America's most advanced chips.
0:12 And some of the rooms we're going into are so closely guarded,
0:16 no media has ever set foot inside.
0:21 >> There's like a secret code to unlock the door.
0:25 >> Intel has to keep this factory 1,000 times cleaner than a surgical room.
0:31 >> So, what if a hair, for example, got into one of the machines?
0:34 >> A hair is huge.
0:35 >> Today, it's hard to imagine a world without chips.
0:39 They run chatbots, fighter jets, AI data centers, even this device I'm talking through.
0:46 But right now, the US has a big problem.
0:50 Even though America designs many of the world's most advanced chips,
0:55 about 90% of them are made in Taiwan.
0:59 But building chip factories is brutally expensive.
1:03 And inside, just one machine costs $400 million.
1:09 A single facility needs rows upon rows of them.
1:13 That's why the US government is investing in Intel to make more chips in
1:18 America.
1:19 We went to the factory at the heart of this comeback mission
1:22 and asked the question at the center of the global chip race.
1:27 >> If, for example, something happened with Taiwan and China,
1:31 >> how vulnerable do you think the semiconductor supply chain is today?
1:41 Semiconductor factories are called fabrication plants or fabs.
1:47 And almost every inch of this sprawling space is engineered to protect what's going
1:51 on inside.
1:53 A process so sensitive, you can't wear just anything in.
1:58 So, no lotion, no hairspray, no makeup, no spray deodorant either.
2:02 So, I don't know how we're going to be smelling at the end of
2:05 today,
2:05 but we'll just have to see.
2:07 All right, let's go.
2:07 This is really exciting.
2:10 Before we could even start shooting, our gear needed a total wipe down.
2:15 >> >> Cleanliness is so important.
2:18 Intel keeps a whole room full of thousand dollar suits to make sure no
2:22 one gets past this point dirty.
2:24 >> Each little tiny speck can cause a defect which would destroy the chip.
2:29 >> Chris Ott is in charge of making sure that doesn't happen.
2:33 >> So, what you're going to want to scrunch up your suit
2:35 so that the sleeves don't touch the ground here.
2:37 Just to keep any particles
2:38 that may be on the floor from your booties off of your hand area.
2:43 And then we tighten it up.
2:45 Snap it up front.
2:47 So, now we're going to put some uh latex gloves over our previous gloves.
2:51 One more layer of cleanliness.
2:52 >> All those ready to go.
2:53 Make sure none of my hand particles escape.
2:56 But, if one rogue particle does,
2:58 these holes in the floor would suck it out.
3:00 So, if I were to sneeze, for example,
3:03 how fast would that exit this room?
3:07 >> It would move very quickly.
3:08 It probably in uh less than uh a minute.
3:10 There's 12 football fields of clean room space here.
3:14 And so, keeping that all clean is one of the most expensive things
3:17 that you'll do.
3:18 >> The room I'm sitting in right now has >> >> millions of particles
3:22 floating in every cubic meter of air.
3:26 But, the room you're about to see us walk into can't have more than
3:30 eight particles.
3:32 As soon as you step inside,
3:34 you realize that even the wrong kind of light can destroy a chip.
3:39 >> Some of the materials that we use are very sensitive to white light.
3:43 >> Which is why they use yellow lighting throughout their factories.
3:46 And it totally messes with your sense of reality.
3:50 So, I got really excited
3:51 when we first walked in here
3:53 because there are so many things
3:55 that look bright pink.
3:57 >> But, in reality, we're here in this factory under yellow lighting,
4:00 everything that is actually red looks very pink to our eyes.
4:03 >> So, we're going to show you that.
4:05 We're going to change our white balance on our cameras to normal,
4:09 and this is what it would actually look like if these lights weren't yellow.
4:13 So, I'm devastated.
4:18 >> >> Sorry.
4:18 >> The whole complicated chip-making process starts with something deceptively simple.
4:23 >> Yeah, so this is one of the very first steps that it is.
4:26 So, the wafer is blank.
4:27 You can see how it's shiny it is up at the top.
4:30 >> The wafer is basically a thin slice of silicon,
4:33 a material that comes from sand.
4:35 It's the base layer the chip gets built on.
4:38 But, for the chip to work, this silicon has to be 99.99999999% pure.
4:41 >> What would happen if it wasn't?
4:52 If it was like 98% pure?
4:55 >> So, what the contaminants can do is
4:57 that they can interfere with the electrical connections in the transistors,
5:01 and it'll cause that chip to fail.
5:03 And we would we would have to throw that away.
5:05 >> That might not sound like a big deal until you realize how expensive
5:09 that mistake can be.
5:11 >> You're somewhere in the 50 to 500,000 dollars just for one wafer.
5:15 Now, you think of it as in a whole box of 25 wafers.
5:19 So, now you're into the millions for just one box.
5:21 So, yes, mistakes are are very costly.
5:24 >> It takes about 3 months
5:27 and everything going exactly right for this wafer to become a chip.
5:32 And in all that time, no human will ever touch it.
5:37 Robots move the wafers along the ceiling to keep them safe.
5:41 >> >> You have some of the largest factories
5:43 that are making some of the world's smallest features.
5:46 >> From start to finish,
5:47 the wafer will travel hundreds of miles on these tracks
5:51 as it turns into a chip.
5:53 >> It'll move along, it'll stop at a tool, do some processing,
5:56 and then when that's done,
5:57 it'll go back up and then it'll move to the next step.
6:01 >> The work has gotten more intricate over the years.
6:04 Chips these days are barely bigger than a fingernail.
6:09 That's why there's literally no room for error.
6:12 >> You have about 2,000 steps and you need every step to be perfect.
6:16 >> A bump or ridge in the silicon can interfere with the patterns they
6:20 have to make,
6:21 which is why the wafer visits this machine to get flatter
6:25 and flatter until it's quite literally one of the flattest things ever made.
6:31 >> And so any vibration, you and I walking by,
6:34 the tool next to it vibrating, can impact the process.
6:37 And if you look at all of these tools,
6:39 they actually sit on top of a pedestal.
6:42 >> The whole factory is engineered to barely move.
6:46 Its foundation uses twice as much concrete as the Burj Khalifa,
6:50 the world's tallest building.
6:53 Because if this place shakes,
6:55 it's not just a few dozen wafers that get destroyed.
6:59 Tens of thousands of wafers are at risk.
7:02 >> Yeah, the automation
7:03 that you have keeps track of where each lot is
7:06 and what it needs to do next is a whole art form in itself.
7:10 >> When they add a new layer to a wafer,
7:12 they often have to send it back to machines like this one,
7:16 which polishes the surface and clears away anything that doesn't belong.
7:21 The layer they're building next holds one of the most important parts of the
7:25 chip,
7:26 the transistor.
7:29 >> So what are we actually able to see here?
7:31 >> These are the wires that connect each of the transistors to each other.
7:36 >> Just one of these squares contains 10 billion transistors.
7:41 They are microscopic and work like an electric switch that turns on and off.
7:48 The closer you pack the transistors together,
7:51 the faster the current can travel throughout the chip
7:54 and the less power it uses,
7:57 which makes the chip more valuable.
8:00 >> Uh very much how you would build a city, you know,
8:02 with very tall skyscrapers.
8:04 We will put layer upon layer of these skyscrapers up.
8:07 Uh if you stacked 10,000 of them one on top of another,
8:11 it'd be thinner than the sheet of of a piece of paper.
8:15 >> There's only one type of machine on Earth
8:18 that can build structures
8:19 that small efficiently.
8:21 >> >> And only one company that can make it.
8:23 ASML headquartered in the Netherlands.
8:26 >> They run somewhere in the range of $200 million to upwards of $400
8:30 million just for one tool.
8:32 You're over a billion dollars worth of tools just in this short walk here.
8:37 >> Inside this machine, lasers create one of the world's rarest forms of ultraviolet light.
8:43 That draws tiny patterns into the wafer.
8:47 >> And then you need tens of these tools in order to really have
8:51 an operation that you can scale
8:52 and create chips at a high level.
8:54 It's a very, very expensive game.
8:57 >> We had to blur the names on the other equipment Intel uses
9:00 because that can reveal sensitive details about its process.
9:04 Today, only a handful of chip makers have these kinds of tools.
9:10 And Intel started using them at scale years after its biggest rivals,
9:14 TSMC and Samsung.
9:16 Without these tools, a chip maker needs more steps to make the smallest patterns,
9:22 slowing production and making their factory less competitive.
9:27 That's why this race is not just about having tools like these.
9:31 It's about how fast you can upgrade them.
9:34 >> Every two to three years, you probably replace 20 30% of the tools.
9:39 Yeah, you're well into the the uh billions of dollars each generation in order
9:43 to be able to keep the factory at the leading edge.
9:47 >> This time, Intel was the first to buy the newest version of this machine,
9:51 worth about $400 million.
9:53 That means it can be the first in the business to print even smaller
9:55 patterns quickly.
9:57 But, here's the catch.
9:59 That alone won't necessarily put Intel ahead.
10:03 The secret sauce is how you integrate this machine with all the other thousand
10:11 machines that are in here
10:12 and create one process flow.
10:15 >> That process helps determine what kind of chip you can make.
10:19 And you need to make sure it will be the one everyone wants.
10:23 Because once you optimize a factory for one type of chip, pivoting is hard.
10:28 >> How do you ensure
10:30 that the process that's going on here is aligned with where the market is
10:35 going?
10:36 >> That's always a tricky one because if you go back,
10:39 say even three four years ago,
10:40 did we expect the explosion of AI as it was?
10:43 No.
10:44 And it and AI is going to have different characteristics
10:47 that they want than say a cell phone manufacturer.
10:49 So, they want the process to be a little different.
10:51 And so, you do kind of try to look ahead and say, "Hey,
10:54 how do we want to design this process?"
10:56 >> That's the gamble chip makers have faced from the beginning.
11:00 The US invented semiconductor chips in the 1950s and for a long time,
11:06 it dominated this industry.
11:08 Intel, founded in 1968 in California, was at the forefront.
11:14 It was the first to put the most important parts of a computer onto
11:18 a single chip >> >>
11:20 and sell it commercially.
11:23 >> One result, computers that once filled rooms >> >> now occupy cabinet space.
11:29 >> For a For a time,
11:30 Intel was better at making those chips than almost anyone.
11:34 >> It is not every day that we introduce a new microprocessor generation.
11:38 It just seems like it.
11:39 >> By the 1990s, Intel had become the biggest semiconductor manufacturer in the world.
11:46 But, that was about to change.
11:49 Because Intel's factories were mostly optimized for building chips for PCs.
11:55 >> This symbol outside means you have the standard inside
11:59 that an entire library of software has been written to.
12:05 >> Behind the scenes, Apple was building what would become the biggest device in decades,
12:11 the iPhone.
12:12 But, it needed different chips.
12:15 In the mid-2000s, Apple gave Intel a shot at building them,
12:19 but Intel walked away from the deal, betting on PCs instead,
12:24 right as the market was about to shift away from them.
12:27 Intel was reportedly hesitant to invest in the massive factory pivot needed to make
12:33 Apple's chips.
12:35 It was splitting its budget between designing chips, which is super expensive,
12:40 >> >> and manufacturing them, too.
12:43 While many chip companies had already chosen to specialize in one or the other.
12:49 Most manufacturers were based in Asia, where labor was cheaper.
12:54 These factories could dump their entire budgets into upgrading tools
12:58 and pivoting if a chip designer in the US needed them to.
13:02 So, they ended up with more deals.
13:06 That's how Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, or TSMC, rose to the top.
13:12 Today, chip companies turn to TSMC more than any other manufacturer,
13:17 giving it control of about 70% of the foundry market.
13:21 But, the US government now sees this as a major geopolitical risk.
13:26 Taiwan governs itself, but China claims it
13:30 as its own and has repeatedly threatened to take it by force.
13:34 If conflict breaks out on the island,
13:37 the US could lose access to many of its most advanced chips almost overnight.
13:43 So, whoever controls that supply would hold enormous leverage over the technology
13:48 that runs the world.
13:50 >> There is vulnerability in every part of the supply chain.
13:53 It could be materials related.
13:55 It could be equipment manufacturing related.
13:58 >> That's why Washington is pushing for more chip making in the US,
14:03 sometimes deploying tariffs as a threat.
14:06 It also offered TSMC financial incentives, including tax credits,
14:11 to build new plants in America.
14:14 But, the company is headquartered in Taiwan.
14:18 And a lot of its most advanced manufacturing is still based there.
14:22 That's why Intel's comeback matters.
14:25 >> Intel's invested heavily in improving that supply chain resiliency.
14:30 It's more local for local.
14:32 Made in America versus American made >> >> is something
14:35 that we should really think much harder on.
14:39 >> So far, Washington has pledged about $11 billion to help Intel build back up,
14:46 even taking a 10% stake in the company.
14:50 But, even with government help,
14:52 building a fab in the US costs about 10% more than it does in
14:56 Taiwan.
14:57 And running it is about 35% more expensive.
15:02 And while Intel itself has set aside $100 billion to build plants across America
15:07 in the coming years,
15:08 its rival TSMC has gone even bigger,
15:12 budgeting $165 billion into its US build-out.
15:17 >> >> So, what would you say to The that say Intel foundry can't compete.
15:24 >> I don't see it as a competition with TSMC or Samsung.
15:29 When we look at the future,
15:31 the demand is going to continue to grow for semiconductors.
15:35 And there's going to be a need for continued innovation.
15:38 When we talk about semiconductors in United States, everyone thinks manufacturing.
15:44 Because yes, manufacturing brings more jobs.
15:46 Manufacturing has more scale.
15:49 Manufacturing builds huge facilities.
15:52 But the engine behind manufacturing is technology development.
15:56 We are staying ahead of technology development.
15:59 >> With that strategy, Intel hopes it will be ready for whatever innovation is
16:03 coming next.
16:05 And that could attract customers like Apple and Nvidia.
16:09 That's why they're putting a lot of money and thought into R&D.
16:12 >> Okay, so right now we're in Intel's research lab
16:18 and this place is wild
16:19 because researchers here are basically looking at the periodic table of elements
16:24 and trying to figure out
16:25 which ones we'll be using in the chips 5-10 years from now.
16:29 So this is like um well, America's a test kitchen.
16:32 >> That's Myung Hee Na.
16:34 She leads the team that's figuring out what the next big chip making process
16:39 needs to look like.
16:40 And a lot of that work happens inside these tools.
16:45 >> I'm going to get to put my hands through one of these things.
16:48 Okay, so why do we need these arm thingies?
16:52 >> Oh, great question.
16:53 So a lot of the things
16:54 that we work on are sensitive to oxygen
16:57 and water.
16:58 >> These materials aren't even used in chips yet.
17:02 >> Secret sauce.
17:03 >> Yeah.
17:03 >> This is your secret sauce.
17:05 Secret sauce.
17:05 >> How rudimentary it looks, it's actually our most advanced materials.
17:11 So >> So the reason why researchers are looking at new materials is
17:16 because in chip making,
17:18 it's not just about how the machines work.
17:21 It's also what you put into them.
17:23 Every layer of the chip needs its own mix of chemicals and elements.
17:28 And figuring out what those are is especially important right now,
17:32 because the ones the industry relies on today are starting to reach their atomic
17:38 limits.
17:38 >> This is a bare silicon.
17:40 The Holy Grail in my industry,
17:44 and everybody's dreams about it is
17:47 as you go scaling down
17:49 and down and down,
17:50 silicon hits the limit.
17:52 >> In other words, silicon got the industry incredibly far.
17:57 But if chips are going to keep advancing, researchers need something better.
18:02 >> Imagination is the limit,
18:04 and we are looking for new materials to enable the next generation of channel
18:12 devices.
18:12 >> >> So what So what are we looking at?
18:14 >> This is the new materials we are talking about.
18:16 We are really doing the experiment to see whether there is a value proposition
18:20 of the next generation channel devices.
18:23 This is our playground for a lot of things, yes.
18:26 >> But sometimes it takes a lot of failed experiments to find the perfect material.
18:33 >> Many, many, many millions.
18:34 I always believe that fail is not failure in R&D.
18:39 >> Over in Taiwan, TSMC is doing this research, too.
18:44 And that's one reason why speed matters so much.
18:49 If Intel can find the next big materials
18:52 and start developing the whole manufacturing process around them first,
18:56 then it could become the foundry for big chip designers, like Nvidia and Apple.
19:02 But a breakthrough like that also takes the right mix of minds.
19:07 >> Only time you actually see, "Wow, I never thought about it."
19:11 It's when you actually collect people together, think very different ways, different background,
19:18 and different cultures, and
19:19 then actually comes from the different answers to the problem set.
19:23 I think you cannot underestimate diversity.
19:26 >> A lot of that diversity comes from other countries.
19:30 But now, big US tech companies, including Meta, Amazon, Microsoft, and Google,
19:36 say it could get harder to bring in that global talent.
19:39 The Trump administration says it wants to prioritize American workers
19:44 and has imposed new restrictions on the H-1B visa
19:48 that allows employers to hire skilled foreign workers.
19:52 A majority of these visas go to tech-related roles.
19:56 But now, companies need to dish out a $100,000 fee for certain new petitions.
20:02 >> No more will be big tech companies or other big companies training foreign workers.
20:09 >> As a result, some tech companies have been training up Americans.
20:13 >> Some of this talent is not readily available,
20:17 and they might not be exactly suited to the semiconductor technology,
20:22 but we can mold them through the training process that Intel has.
20:26 We are doing it as an upskilling for talent in US, in America.
20:31 >> And inside Intel's labs, keeping talent interested means giving people space to test ideas.
20:38 >> We can test a lot of different things in in this lab,
20:42 and then we once we down select,
20:44 we move a few elements to the fab to test the a little larger
20:48 scale.
20:49 >> But scaling up takes time.
20:53 And that's why this work starts long before the technology ever exists.
20:58 >> You're looking at about 5 to 10 years down the road devices, yes.
21:02 >> How are you making sure
21:03 that researchers are developing the thing
21:05 that people will want 5 10 years into the future.
21:10 >> That's very good question.
21:11 So, success rate is not always 100% and that's the risk we take.
21:17 About 10 20% 25% what is going to make the product.
21:22 My job is making sure we have enough options.
21:26 >> That is where Intel's strategy looks different now.
21:30 Instead of betting mainly on one kind of chip the way it did 20
21:33 years ago,
21:34 it's trying to cast a wider net.
21:37 >> >> Finding materials and processes for lots of different chips.
21:42 So, it can pivot more easily when the next big market shift happens.
21:46 >> I think our industry's biggest challenge is going much faster speed than we
21:52 ever done before.
21:53 The AI is really changing the world,
21:56 >> >> but suddenly it feels like to me
21:57 that we got to go speed 10
21:59 and that's going to be not just the Intel Foundry's challenge.
22:02 I think that's the actually everywhere's challenge in this industry.
22:06 >> Now, the company seems to be gaining ground.
22:09 It's stock has gone up more than 400% over the past year,
22:14 largely because Intel is starting to win big deals with customers like Tesla,
22:19 which announced it would use Intel's newest chip manufacturing process.
22:23 Intel also struck a preliminary deal with Apple to manufacture some of its chips
22:28 and now it's partnering with Nvidia by producing components
22:32 that support the AI giant's chips.
22:35 But, Nvidia still relies on Intel's biggest competitor, TSMC,
22:40 to make its most advanced technology.
22:43 In fact, Nvidia recently announced plans to design its own PC chip
22:48 and have it manufactured by TSMC.
22:52 A direct challenge to the market Intel has dominated for decades.
22:57 What does Intel need to prove to get Nvidia to commit more fully to
23:03 Intel's foundry.
23:04 >> We have to execute
23:05 and we have to be trusted by the customer to ensure we are looking
23:09 at their needs,
23:11 how they want to reshape the world,
23:13 and how Intel can be part of their solutions.
23:17 >> Before any advanced chip can work, it has to be assembled with other parts.
23:22 Assembly is its own highly specialized process that often needs its own plants.
23:28 That's where we're about to go next.
23:31 Intel has never allowed the media to visit this part of its Oregon plant
23:35 in person,
23:36 but it plays a really important role in how the company turns its chips
23:41 into usable technology.
23:43 So, we're getting exclusive access to where Intel basically takes the chips
23:48 and packages them onto a final product
23:50 that ultimately goes into a device.
23:53 >> Okay, so Olivia, this is for us to do electrostatic discharge testing for you.
23:57 >> Tyler Osborne oversees what goes on beyond these doors.
24:01 >> We're here to make sure that you don't accidentally shock any of our wafers.
24:04 >> Okay, so what would what would happen if I shocked a wafer?
24:07 >> Uh electrostatic discharge can damage semiconductor devices so that they no longer properly function.
24:13 >> Okay, so we're not shocking any wafers today.
24:15 We're going to be stepping on them.
24:18 >> Yes.
24:18 >> All right, there's there's a little >>
24:19 And then you're going to grab this handle to validate
24:21 that you conduct electricity.
24:23 >> Oh, wow.
24:24 >> And now the door opens so you can go in. >> unlocks.
24:26 There's like a secret code to unlock the door.
24:30 But not a lot of people actually pass through these doors.
24:35 So, we're in robot territory right now. >> territory.
24:38 >> And they have a special way of announcing themselves.
24:45 >> We hear the music, so there's robots around us.
24:48 >> So, they have right of way.
24:49 Robots here have right of way.
24:52 >> Yes.
24:52 >> Okay.
24:52 >> That's right.
24:52 >> All right, that's good to know.
24:54 >> They're smart enough to know if you're here,
24:56 but it's easier if we just stay out of their space.
24:58 >> They are carrying precious cargo.
25:01 Wafers that made it through thousands of steps without a scratch.
25:06 But the chips on the wafer can't work until more silicon gets stacked on
25:11 top.
25:12 >> So what we're watching here is actually the heart of the operation.
25:16 This is where we take individual pieces of silicon
25:19 and bond them together
25:20 so that they can communicate
25:22 and talk with each other to function
25:24 as a single device.
25:25 >> Now the wafer is ready to be sliced up into individual chips.
25:30 >> So the water is there to help remove debris as we're cutting.
25:34 >> Getting this far doesn't mean the chips will work.
25:37 It just means they've made it to the moment of truth.
25:40 Testing one by one.
25:42 >> This tool is actually an acoustic microscope.
25:46 And what it's doing is using the water to conduct sounds into the wafer
25:50 and then actually listen to see what
25:51 that sound is coming back out of the wafer to see
25:55 if things are actually assembled properly.
25:58 >> If those sounds come through right, then the chip moves to its next step.
26:03 >> What you're seeing with flashing lights is actually cameras taking a picture almost
26:07 faster than your eye can see it stop.
26:09 It would look for defects perhaps happened somewhere along the way.
26:13 >> Because no matter how much work and money goes into protecting these chips,
26:18 some of them still won't make it.
26:21 Those get left behind at each round of testing.
26:24 This arm skips over chips that are meant for a different kind of product.
26:28 >> Thousands and thousands of units run through each tool every single day.
26:31 Every single day all day 24 by 7.
26:34 >> And then whatever is put on that platform,
26:37 those are perfect and they're moved on.
26:40 >> Yes.
26:40 >> Even if the chip looks perfect,
26:43 we still don't know if it will turn on until it gets tested again.
26:49 So they're actually turning the chips on right here.
26:53 >> Yes.
26:53 >> How do you do that?
26:54 >> Ah, so they have uh micro probes inside each of these test cells
26:58 that are very,
26:59 very fine, uh almost as fine as a human hair.
27:02 They actually come down
27:03 and contact the individual bumps on the chip
27:07 and make electrical contact to turn it on.
27:10 >> So, that's the real test, not just how many chips you start with,
27:15 >> >> but how many actually work in the end.
27:18 That's what the industry calls yield.
27:21 It determines how valuable your factory is
27:24 and whether customers like Nvidia
27:26 or Apple trust you to make their chips.
27:29 For years, yield has been TSMC's major edge over practically every other advanced chip
27:35 maker.
27:36 So, I had to ask Naga what Intel plans to do about that.
27:41 >> I will never be satisfied with the yield unless we are at 100%.
27:46 In the past, we have been a little bit non-inclusive
27:50 when it comes to inviting more of the industry partners to come teach us
27:56 how to be better.
27:57 And now we have opened the doors more.
28:02 >> >> The chips you are seeing are built for AI laptops,
28:05 but Intel says its factories can also make chips for servers and data centers,
28:11 and that its new manufacturing process can build them to be faster
28:15 and more power efficient than much of what the industry can make today.
28:20 And if that proves to be true long-term,
28:23 it could be Intel's ticket back to the top.
28:27 >> If you look over here,
28:28 you can actually see several of the die in the in the spool
28:32 that are being put into a pocket
28:33 and then covered with a cover tape
28:35 and then put into
28:36 that roll.
28:38 So, it's being wound up just like old-fashioned movie projector film.
28:41 >> So, how many, I don't know, laptops could you make from that one roll?
28:46 >> Hundreds or potentially even a few thousand.
28:49 >> So, we have a technology engine that's proven.
28:52 That's not only manufactured in US, but it's actually developed and manufactured in US.
28:59 If we do our basics right, if we focus on our controllables,
29:03 I'm sure the results will follow.
29:08 >> But, even as Intel grows stronger,
29:11 no one company can erase how vulnerable the semiconductor supply chain really is.
29:18 >> The entire world
29:18 and the semiconductor industry requires a broad supply base than what the current industry
29:25 is able to provide
29:26 because the demand is very high.
29:29 >> And if the world ever had to shift away from Taiwan fast,
29:33 it still would not be simple.
29:35 If, for example, TSMC were to go offline completely tomorrow,
29:42 how set up is Intel's foundry to be able to handle Nvidia's designs,
29:48 for example?
29:49 >> Intel foundry is ready from the technology
29:52 that we have and the supply chain
29:54 that we have.
29:55 And we will have to work with our customers to ensure they can port
29:59 over their designs,
30:00 but every one of these designs take time for it to move over to
30:05 a new technology and start ramping to manufacturing.
30:09 So, it won't be immediate.
30:10 It will take some time and work to do.
